Studi Pengaruh Waktu, Suhu Dan Jumlah Dehidrator Pada Dehidrasi Risinoleat Minyak Jarak Dengan P2o5

Abstract

The aims of study are to optimize the reaction's parameters i.e. time, temperature, and amount of dehydrator's agent on the dehydration of ricinoleic of castor oil into dehydrated castor oil (DCO) by mean P2O5. DCO is the mixed of linoleic acid (LA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Dehydration were carried out using various of time, temperature, and amount of dehydrator. The reaction medium was maintained under vacuum, gentle bubbling with nitrogen, magnetically stirred and used Zn's powder as antipolymerization's agent. The changes composition of DCO were analyzed by GC, and identification by FTIR and GC-MS and compared to CLA's standard. Best result were obtain for 4 h, at 200°C and 3% (w/w) P2O5. DCO compositions were : 1.02% of (9c/t -12c/t) linoleic; 41.97% of (9c/t -12t/c) linoleic ; 19.50% of (9c/t -11t/c) CLA ; 19.79% of (9t -11t) CLA; and 0.90% of residual's of ricinoleic. The yields of dehydration was 98.98%, and the decreased 92.98% intensities of -OH wives number in FTIR spectra's castor oil comparison with DCO to indicated transform of ricinoleic by dehydration. Both wave number of alkenes (C=C) at FTIR DCO spectra was indicated to formed of conjugated alkenes (CLA). The ratio of CLA : linoleic was 0.92 : 1 with achievement of 63.5% relatively to CLA standard with ratio of CLA : linoleic was 1.45 : 1.

Studi Kinetika Dehidrasi Risinoleat Dari Minyak Jarak

“…Reaksi dehidrasi sudah sangat umum dilakukan namun untuk molekul besar dan multi gugus fungsional seperti dehidrasi risinoleat maka dehidratornya harus spesifik untuk mencegah berbagai reaksi samping dari dua gugus lain yaitu alkena (C=C) dan triester [4,5] . Dehidrasi risinoleat menghasilkan minyak jarak terdehidrasi (DCO = dehydrated castor oil) yaitu campuran antara linoleat (LA) [18 : 2 (9, 12)] dan linoleat terkonjugasi (CLA = conjugated linoleic acid ) [18 : 2 (9,11)] karena terdapat dua Hα terhadap alkohol.…”

“…Reaksi dehidrasi sudah sangat umum dilakukan namun untuk molekul besar dan multi gugus fungsional seperti dehidrasi risinoleat maka dehidratornya harus spesifik untuk mencegah berbagai reaksi samping dari dua gugus lain yaitu alkena (C=C) dan triester [4,5] . [6,7] .…”

“…Penelitian ini secara umum didasarkan pada penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yaitu studi kinetik isomerisasi eugenol [8] , studi kinetika isomerisasi α-pinena [9] , isomerisasi terhadap trans anethole [10] dan studi kinetika isomerisasi safrol [11] . Secara spesifik didasarkan pada hasil penelitian terdahulu yaitu studi kinetika dehidrasi n-butanol [12] , isomerisasi α-pinena [13] isomerisasi eugenol [2] dan dehidrasi risinoleat [4,5,14] . Studi kinetika terhadap reaksi dehidrasi risinoleat akan mendapatkan jejak reaksi yang dapat mengarahkan reaksi dan desain reaktor untuk memperoleh produk CLA sebagai produk yang lebih essensial secara maksimal.…”

“…Komposisi risinoleat hasil dehidrasi (DCO = dehidrated castor oil) adalah 9,90% LA dan CLA (C,C); 23,23% LA dan CLA (C,Z) yang merupakan isomer paling esensial; 6,01% LA dan CLA (Z,Z), 20,09% sisa risinoleat, dan terbentuk 16,16% senyawa 8, 11-oktadekadienat yang juga suatu isomer linoleat [4,5,15] dengan kromatogram seperti gambar 4 berikut.…”