Students' Entrepreneurial Orientation and Plans of Setting Up Business - The Importance of Educational System

Abstract

As there is a common opinion in literature that entrepreneurship can be taught, the role of education system in providing the knowledge and skills necessary for future entrepreneurs is undeniable. The growing need for entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and actions in both professional and private life becomes more imperative, and education plays an important role in creating an entrepreneurial society and business culture. The number of educational programs in entrepreneurship at all levels of education systematically grow worldwide. Entrepreneurship education should develop entrepreneurial individuals and aspiration by equipping people with the appropriate knowledge and skills to initiate and sustain enterprises. Entrepreneurship education has a positive impact on the development of the entrepreneurial spirit of youth, its intentions towards starting own business, higher employability and finally more significant role in society. Entrepreneurial intention initiates entrepreneurial actions. Entrepreneurial intention shows the objective of an individual to choose entrepreneurship as a professional career. Within organization, entrepreneurial intention are the basis for entrepreneurial orientation of the whole company. Entrepreneurial orientation can be described as a individual's natural inclination or attitude towards entrepreneurship. From this point of view, it can be developed and strengthen during the upbringing, especially within the educational system. It is analyzed within strategic management of enterprise. Creating entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviors brings benefits not only to individuals, but also translates into the economic results of enterprises, and in a broader perspective, contributes to the economic development of a given country. As the entrepreneurial orientation is a multi-dimensional construct of a complex nature, actions and attitudes should be studied and compared in relation to each dimension of the construct. Construct could be described as multidimensional when we are dealing with several separate but related dimensions, treated as one coherent theoretical concept. The dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation most often mentioned in the literature include: proactivity, organizational autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, internal innovation and risk taking. This paper is a research article in character. The main aim of the article is to investigate the correlation between entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions of students, understood as a declaration of willingness to start their own business. The article presents the results of a survey among 250 students in Poland, conducted in the first quarter of 2021. Entrepreneurial attitudes of students were examined as elements of entrepreneurial orientation, and were assessed in 5-point Likert scale. To data analysis, the descriptive statistics were used, and Gamma correlation coefficient to analyze the correlation between non-parametric variables. The study confirmed a positive relationship between the potential for entrepreneurial orientation and the intentions to start a business.

Unveiling the entrepreneurial mindset: exploring orientation and intentions among students of prominent engineering disciplines

“…While researchers have adopted either a three or five-dimensional structure of EO depending on the context (Bolton & Lane, 2012;Lyon et al, 2000;Okreglicka et al, 2021;Rauch et al, 2009), the dimensions persist as integral components. Yang (2020), for instance, applied the three-dimensional framework to scrutinise the entrepreneurial orientation of Korean and Chinese students.…”

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INNOVATIONS

“…Individual entrepreneurial orientation can be defined as a person's inclination or attitude toward engaging in entrepreneurial behaviours (Wu, 2009;Okręglicka, Filipowicz, Betáková, 2021). With the definition of individual entrepreneurial orientation as a tendency held by individual employees of the organisation toward innovative, proactive, and risk-taking behaviours in the workplace by Covin, Rigtering, Hughes, Kraus, Cheng, and Bouncken (2020), three characteristics of entrepreneurial orientation have been identified as influencers of academics' commercial research conduct.…”