“…In the implementation of these methodologies, the need for digital competences is often presented at the beginning, alongside highlighting the contribution to their development (Cole et al , 2017). However, longer observation periods are required to demonstrate this (Carmona et al , 2018; Pérez-Mateo et al , 2014), as the specific contribution to collaborative learning (Vuopala et al , 2016) is also highlighted both in POL and CBL (Ktoridou et al , 2018; Wengrowicz et al , 2018). In the case of teachers, the focus is on the competences related to the configuration of the problem and the preparation of a curriculum that is sufficiently flexible for the methodology, alongside assisting teams, including monitoring and managing different actors (Rees Lewis et al , 2019).…”