Strychnine sulfate and piracetam: Lack of effect on learning in the rat

Oglesby, Michael; Winter, J.C.

doi:10.1007/bf00421788

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Animal studies on learning, memory and global performance however, give contradictory results (Bryant et ai., 1973;Means et ai., 1980;Oglesby and Winter, 1974;Sara and David-Remacle, 1974). Moreover, no significant effect has been found on regional CBF by the 133Xe inhalation technique in moderately demented patients (Gustafson et ai., 1978); whole EEG activation measured by power spectral analysis has been reported in hospitalised 'gerontopsychiatric' patients (Bente et ai., 1978); and verbal, but not non-verbal learning was improved in young healthy volunteers following 14 Table XI.…”

Section: Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

???Cerebroactive??? Drugs Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Role in Cerebrovascular Disorders

Spagnoli

Tognoni

1983

Drugs

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While their importance in the market-place is steadily increasing in developed (mainly continental Europe) and even in developing countries, compounds included in the broad category of 'cerebroactive' drugs hardly rate a mention in reference pharmacology and therapeutics textbooks. It is an undeniable fact, however, that the principal users or targets of this drug class, mainly elderly people, represent an increasingly worrying problem, with their often puzzling cohort of ill-definable and even less predictable neurological and mental symptoms. The combination of the above factors cannot but produce a rather confused situation, in which the pressure to treat and the adherence to scientifically rigorous assessment are likely to prevail alternately, on a purely casual basis. This review aims to provide sound methodological guidelines for assessment of 'cerebroactive' drugs in a not always easily accessible literature. It covers firstly the general problems of stroke, dementia and 'common symptoms' of the elderly, and then looks in detail at those compounds which have to date attracted most attention (ergot derivatives, cinnarizine, flunarizine, vincamine, eburnamonine, naftidrofuryl, oxpentifylline, piracetam and citicoline), as well as those which are currently considered investigational (choline and lecithin). The pharmacology and available clinical studies of each drug are examined. No therapeutic indication can be derived from the available evidence, as the few positive results do not go beyond random improvement of symptoms. More fundamentally, the lines of research which need to be pursued most intensively relate to better preliminary definition of diagnostic and prognostic criteria and, with the establishment of adequate testing tools for the assessment of behaviour and neuropsychological performance, those basal conditions which are modified 'naturally' or by drugs.

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Section: Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

???Cerebroactive??? Drugs Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Role in Cerebrovascular Disorders

Spagnoli

Tognoni

1983

Drugs

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Drugs and Stimulus Control

Heise

Milar

1984

Drugs, Neurotransmitters, and Behavior

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Effect of combined or separate administration of piracetam and choline on learning and memory in the rat

Ennaceur

Delacour

1987

Psychopharmacology

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Different groups of rats received combined or separate administration of different doses of piracetam (P1:100, P2:200, and P4:400 mg/kg) and choline (C1:100 and C2:200 mg/kg). Compared to control treatment, C1 significantly improved performance in a delayed alternation (DA) task, while P1, P2, P4 or P1C1 had no effect. Moreover, rats receiving P2C1 and P4C1 were significantly inferior in acquiring DA to rats receiving the vehicle or separate administration of P1, P2 or C1. The different treatments with combined or separate administration of P and C had no effect on spontaneous locomotor activity and two-way avoidance conditioning. In a recognition-task only groups C1 and P4 were able to discriminate between familiar and new objects. The combined or separate administration of P1 and C1 on NA, DA, DOPAC, 5-HT, 5-HIAA levels, CAT activity and choline uptake were measured in frontal cortex and hippocampus: the only significant effect was a 5-HT increase in the hippocampus of rats treated with C1.

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Strychnine sulfate and piracetam: Lack of effect on learning in the rat

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

???Cerebroactive??? Drugs Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Role in Cerebrovascular Disorders

???Cerebroactive??? Drugs Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Role in Cerebrovascular Disorders

Drugs and Stimulus Control

Effect of combined or separate administration of piracetam and choline on learning and memory in the rat

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