Struktur Komunitas, Zonasi Dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Vegetasi Mangrove Di Segara Anakan Cilacap

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystem of Segara Anakan Cilacap has specific vegetation, function, and benefit. It was dominated by Rhizophora, Bruguiera, Avicennia and associate vegetation such as Nypa frutican. Stability of mangrove ecosystem can be seen by community structure, zonation and diversity of mangrove vegetation. This research aimed to analyze community structure, zonnation and diversity of mangrove vegetation in Segara Anakan Lagoon. This research used survey method with cluster sampling by stratified analysis. The Analyze of data used association analysis, zonation analysis, richnes index, and Shanon Wiener index. This Research showed that (1) Association index of seedling was dominated by index < 0.22 (lowest association) with scored 46,67 % -66.66 %, (2) Association index of sapling also was dominated by index < 0.22 (lowest association) with scored 58,33% -71.43 %, (3) Association index of tress also was dominated by index < 0.22 (lowest association) with scored 67,27 % % (4) Overlaping indeks showed Aegiceras corniculatum has high overlap toward Nypa frutican (71 %) (seedling stage) and Rhizophora apiculata to Avicennia spp (0,49) (sapling stage). (5) Zonation of mangrove showed that Zone 1 as direct connecting zone with sea which were dominated by Avicennia marina and Avicennia oficinallis. Zone 2 as the middle zone which were dominated by Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, and Ceriops tagal. Zone 3 as direct connecting zone with island which were dominated by Nypa fruticans, Acanthus ilicifolius, and Sonneratia casseolaris (6) diversity index between 0.48 -1.83 (low -middle).

Struktur Komunitas Dan Persentase Penutupan Kanopi Mangrove Pulau Salawati Kabupaten Kepulauan Raja Ampat Provinsi Papua Barat

“…Kerapatan mangrove pada Pulau Salawati bervariasi pada setiap stasiun pengamatan, kerapatan pohon teringgi terlihat pada stasiun 3 di Kampung Kolobo, di lokasi ini kerapatan mencapai 1600 pohon/ ha, diikuti Pulau Kasim Kecil (Stasiun 2) 1.450) pohon/ ha, Pulau Kabra Kecil 1.400 pohon/ha, Kampung Wamega 900 pohon/ha, dan terendah di Kampung Samate 867 pohon/ha (Gambar 2). Nilai ini lebih kecil dibandingkan nilai kerapatan mangrove di Segara Anakan yang mencapai 2.850 pohon/ha (Hilmi et al, 2015), tetapi nilai kerapatan mangrove di Pulau Salawati lebih besar dibandingkan Pulau Bunaken yaitu 740 pohon/ha (Schaduw, 2013;2016). Kerapatan mangrove yang sangat padat juga ditemukan pada daerah Sungai Tallo di Makassar, hal ini dikarenakan variasi salinitas yang tinggi dan lingkungan yang sesuai dengan habitat mangrove (Rahman, 2017), sama halnya dengan daerah pesisir pantai Kecamatan Biduk-Biduk, Kalimantan Timur nilai kerapatan mangrove lebih dari 1.500 individu/ha (Prasetiyo et al, 2014).…”

The Distribution of Lead Accumulation (Soil, Water and Mangrove Vegetation) to Conserve Segara Anakan Lagoon

“…Mangrove ecosystem in E-SAL is dominated by Rhizophora spp, Bruguiera spp, Avicennia spp., Sonneratia spp., Aegiceras spp., Xylocarpus pp., etc. (Ardii, 2008;Lestari, 2014;Hilmi et al, 2015 A global positioning system (GPS, Garmin GPS Map 62s, US) and geographic information system (ArcView GIS 3.3 "Environmental System Research Institute, Inc., HCl Technologies Ltd, India") were used to select the different sites in this research. The sampling technique to collect Pb data's used stratified sampling (Cochran 1997) for 4 stations with 3 replications.…”

“…This condition gave synthesis that Pb accumulation in top soil is bigger than other deep of soil. Hilmi et al, (2015) reported that mangrove vegetation in E-SAL (Pb contaminant area) had bad performance for diameter, height or leaf of mangrove vegetation.…”

“…Mangrove still needs salinity, nitrate, phosphate, and pyrite to life. Based research showed that potency salinity, nitrate, phosphate, and pyrite in locations are 0.090 -0.388 ppm (nitrate), 3.20 -7.34 ppm (phosphate), 1.89 -4.91 % (pyrite) and 15-23 ppt (salinity) (Lestari, 2014;Hilmi et al, 2015) were good categorize to support mangrove growth (Krasuss and Alen, 2003;Chebo, 2009;) The analysis of Pb for each species can be seen on Fig.4 which showed the capacity and tolerance of mangrove vegetations to absorb Pb (Buwono et al, 2005;Machado et al, 2002) that were Acrosticum aureum < Avicennia marina < Rhizophora mucronata < Bruguiera parviflora < Sonneratia alba < Aegiceras corniculatum < Bruguiera gymnorrhiza < Bruguiera sexangula < Rhizophora apiculata < Sonneratia caseolaris.…”

“…Mangrove vegetation's in E-SAL are a predominant vegetation in coastal ecosystem (Ardii, 2008;UNEP, 2006;Brander et al, 2012;Hilmi et al, 2015) with lowest trees, sapling and seedling association (Hilmi et al, 2015) have (Kathiresan and Bingham, 2001;Parvarest et al, 2010), high litter productivity (Sharma et al, 2012) and have capacity to accumulate Pb contaminant (Lestari, 2014). Mangrove vegetation's have ability to reduce heavy metal pollution (Arisandy et al, 2012), to occupy heavy metal pollutants area (Abohassan, 2003;Cuong et al, 2005), to receive a large amount of waste from related drainage and rivers and to absorb heavy metal contaminant (Abohassan, 2003;Cuong et al, 2005;Lestari, 2014).…”