Structure-reactivity relationship in pyrolysis of plastics: A comparison with natural polymers

Abstract

Highlights• Global activation energy depends on conversion in pyrolysis of all polymers.• Activation energy variability is proportional to chemical complexity of polymers.• An Evans-Polanyi relationship for initiation reactions of polymer pyrolysis is proposed. AbstractRecent advances in plastics recycling confirm the high potential of pyrolysis technologies to enhance recovery and selectivity rates. Modelling the kinetics of this complex process to stimulate scaling-up opportunities remains a major challenge.This study is an attempt to develop practical quantitative reactivity indices for the pyrolysis of natural and synthetic polymers. Representative samples from both categories (coal and pine vs. PET, PE and PMMA) were selected. Their weight loss during pyrolysis was determined experimentally and analyzed using judicious lumping procedures for its initiation, propagation and termination steps. The combined experimental and theoretical approach allowed us to determine apparent activation energies using the isoconversional Friedman method; and the use of Benson's group contribution method generated reaction enthalpies for the initiation reactions. Increasing activation energies with conversion in each case indicated that bond scission proceeds in order of increasing bond strength. The greater chemical complexity of natural polymers was reflected in the higher coefficients of variability for activation energy and wider ranges of reaction enthalpies. A structure-reactivity relationship based on the Evans-Polanyi theory was used to test the hypothesis that primary pyrolysis kinetics is controlled by cleavage of weakest chemical bonds. While the results show that this approach is promising, especially if confirmed by extension to a larger data set, they also suggest the need to compare the relative kinetic importance of initiation and propagation steps in the sequence of polymer pyrolysis reactions.

Sustainable Valorization of Animal Manure and Recycled Polyester: Co-pyrolysis Synergy

“…In the TGA curve of recycled polyester (Figure 2), one main peak has occurred representing the weight loss with respect to the increase in temperature. Highly oxygenated bonding was responsible for one stage degradation of polyesters [46]. The structural breakdown of recycled polyester fabric has started about 385 • C and the maximum weight loss has occurred at 436.5 • C. About 70% of the weight loss has completed at 440 • C. This data is in correspondence with the TGA data given for thermoplastic decomposition [28,47].…”

Influence of Cellulose Characteristics on Pyrolysis Suitability

“…The most important operating parameters may include the temperature at which pyrolysis is performed, as well as the activation energy (Ea) as a function of the parameters of the biomass components. As already confirmed by the studies of Carrier et al, Larrain et al, and Várhegyi [11][12][13], the evolution of Ea as a function of the degree of advancement shows a dependence of the cellulose rupture mechanism on the process temperature. Thus, it has been suggested that weak bond scission represents the rate-limiting radical generation step in the pyrolysis process.…”

Co-pyrolysis of coal and raw/torrefied biomass: A review on chemistry, kinetics and implementation

“…The reactivity of these mixtures towards pyrolysis conditions are interpreted based on the following devolatilization patterns (Fig. 5): number of DTG peaks, shift of onset temperatures and peak temperature, maximum decomposition temperature and associated decomposition rate [130].…”