Structure of the femora and autotomous (postpygal) caudal vertebrae in the three-toed skink Chalcides chalcides (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) and its applicability for age and growth rate determination

Guarino, Fabio Maria

doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2009.11.001

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, the high degree of remodeling and rapprochement make the method poorly suited for aging individuals. However, before utterly discarding the method, it is necessary to examine a long bone like the femur, which has been shown to be very suitable for skeletochronology (Castanet et al 1998, Piantoni et al 2006, Guarino 2010. We also suggest collecting a larger number of samples corresponding to free-ranging neonates and yearlings to back-calculate the number of LAGs lost if remodeling is present also in the femur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age estimation through skeletochronology and mark-recapture of free-living Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Chile

Santoyo-Brito

Fox

Núñez³

2018

Phyllomedusa

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Age estimation through skeletochronology and mark-recapture of free-living Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Chile. Age determination is a crucial component of ecological studies. Researchers have relied on different methods and techniques, for example mark-recapture, body size, and skeletochronology, to assess the age of free-ranging individuals. We used all three methods to estimate the age structure of a population of Liolaemus leopardinus, a highly social and saxicolous lizard species endemic to the temperate region of central Chile. This high-elevation and secretive species is considered threatened and, although efforts have been made to reveal more specific details about the species' natural history, crucial details of its biology are still unknown. Our goal was to associate the number of Lines of Arrested Growth (LAGs) to snout-vent length (SVL) and use LAGs as an age estimation proxy on free-ranging individuals. For the skeletochronology analyses, a combination of toe-clips was collected when each subject was first captured in 2012-2013. SVL for all captured individuals was recorded during two different field seasons (austral spring to fall of 2011-2012 and 2012-2013). SVL data were also available for 10 individuals initially collected and permanently marked in 2005 (one juvenile and nine adults) and recaptured in 2011-2012. Three of those 10 subjects were captured again in 2012-2013. Our results revealed the formation of LAGs in L. leopardinus and a high degree of bone remodeling in both juveniles and adults. This bone remodeling combined with the high rapprochement in peripheral LAGs on the samples of the oldest lizards suggest that phalangeal bones are not suitable for age determination in this species. On the other hand, our mark-recapture results allowed us to assign individuals to four different age-classes when a subject's SVL was associated with activity periods and recaptures. Individuals of L. leopardinus are long-lived and their lifespan can exceed a decade. Female lizards become sexually mature at three to four years of age.Keywords: bone, body-length, high-altitude, lifespan, lines of arrested growth, lizards. 102Phyllomedusa -17(1), June 2018 Resumo Estimativa etária por meio de esqueletocronologia e marcação-e-recaptura de Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) do Chile. A determinação etária é um componente crucial de estudos ecológicos. Pesquisadores tem usado diferentes técnicas e métodos como marcação-erecaptura, tamanho do corpo e esqueletocronologia, para avaliar a idade de indivíduos na natureza. Usamos esses três métodos para estimar a estrutura etária de uma população de Liolaemus leopardinus, uma espécie de lagarto saxícola, altamente social e endêmica da região temperada do centro do Chile. Essa espécie secretiva de grandes altitudes é considerada ameaçada, e apesar dos esforços para descobrir detalhes específicos sobre a sua história natural, detalhes cruciais de sua biologia permanecem desconhecidos. Nosso objetivo foi associar o número de Linha...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age estimation through skeletochronology and mark-recapture of free-living Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Chile

Santoyo-Brito

Fox

Núñez³

2018

Phyllomedusa

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“…Histology of distal caudal vertebrae has been used for reliable skeletochronology among limb-reduced squamates [e.g. snakes (Waye & Gregory, 1998); skinks (Guarino, 2010)], and the zygapophyses and zygantra of snakes preserve growth marks both externally and in histological section (Venczel, Vasile & Csiki-Sava, 2015;Petermann & Gauthier, 2018). The presence of endochondral calcified cartilage deep in the centrum of a cervical vertebra contributed to a 'juvenile' assessment in an individual of the mosasaur Tethysaurus nopcsai (Houssaye & Bardet, 2013).…”

Section: (B) Osteoderm or Vertebral Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing ontogenetic maturity in extinct saurian reptiles

et al. 2020

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Morphology forms the most fundamental level of data in vertebrate palaeontology because it is through interpretations of morphology that taxa are identified, creating the basis for broad evolutionary and palaeobiological hypotheses. Assessing maturity is one of the most basic aspects of morphological interpretation and provides the means to study the evolution of ontogenetic changes, population structure and palaeoecology, life‐history strategies, and heterochrony along evolutionary lineages that would otherwise be lost to time. Saurian reptiles (the least‐inclusive clade containing Lepidosauria and Archosauria) have remained an incredibly diverse, numerous, and disparate clade through their ~260‐million‐year history. Because of the great disparity in this group, assessing maturity of saurian reptiles is difficult, fraught with methodological and terminological ambiguity. We compiled a novel database of literature, assembling >900 individual instances of saurian maturity assessment, to examine critically how saurian maturity has been diagnosed. We review the often inexact and inconsistent terminology used in saurian maturity assessment (e.g. ‘juvenile’, ‘mature’) and provide routes for better clarity and cross‐study coherence. We describe the various methods that have been used to assess maturity in every major saurian group, integrating data from both extant and extinct taxa to give a full account of the current state of the field and providing method‐specific pitfalls, best practices, and fruitful directions for future research. We recommend that a new standard subsection, ‘Ontogenetic Assessment’, be added to the Systematic Palaeontology portions of descriptive studies to provide explicit ontogenetic diagnoses with clear criteria. Because the utility of different ontogenetic criteria is highly subclade dependent among saurians, even for widely used methods (e.g. neurocentral suture fusion), we recommend that phylogenetic context, preferably in the form of a phylogenetic bracket, be used to justify the use of a maturity assessment method. Different methods should be used in conjunction as independent lines of evidence when assessing maturity, instead of an ontogenetic diagnosis resting entirely on a single criterion, which is common in the literature. Critically, there is a need for data from extant taxa with well‐represented growth series to be integrated with the fossil record to ground maturity assessments of extinct taxa in well‐constrained, empirically tested methods.

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“…2015. Ekstremiteleri oldukça küçülmüş bir kertenkele türü olan Chalcides chalcides örneklerinin kullanıldığı bir çalışmada postpygal/kuyruk omuru iskelet kronolojisi yöntemi kullanılarak yaş tayini için denenmiş ve elde edilen halkaların sayısının femur kemiğindeki halka sayısı ile örtüştüğü tespit edilmiştir (Guarino 2010 Baran, İ., Ilgaz, Ç., Avcı, A., Kumlutaş, Y. ve Olgun, K., 2012. Türkiye amfibi ve sürüngenleri, Tübitak Popüler Bilim Kitapları.…”

Section: Tartışma Ve Sonuçunclassified

“…Yılanlarda kafatası kemikleri veya kaudal omurlar kullanılarak bu yöntem denenmiştir (Castanet 1974, Hayashi ve Tanaka 1081, Collins ve Rodda 1992. Ayrıca kertenkelelerde bu yöntem kuyruğun gövdeye yakın omurlarından denenmiş ve sonuç femurlara benzer olarak tespit edilmiştir (Guarino 2010). Canlıların osteodermlerinin ve arka bacak kalıntısı gibi kesildiğinde canlının hayatını tehdit etmeyecek yapılarının yaş tayini için kullanılmasındaki temel amaç, canlıya zarar vermeden yaşların tespit edilmesidir ve bu yöntem sadece birkaç genus (Crocodylus; Gerrhonotus; Elgaria; Ophisaurus; Anguis) üzerinde denenmiştir (Tucker 1997, Bochaton vd.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Türkiye’de Yaşayan Anguid Kertenkelelerdeki Osteodermler ve Arka Bacak Kalıntıları İskelet Kronolojisi Metodunda Kullanılabilir mi?

Yakın¹,

Tok²

2020

Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering

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Skeletochronology is a widely used and considered as a reliable method for estimating the age of the lizards. While this method is used the cross sections of the long bones (femur, humerus, phalanges etc.) were examined, resting lines (Lag) were counted. For the species without long bones, this method applied on vertebras and osteoderms. Using osteoderms for this method is important to estimate ages of the species. Pseudopus apodus and Anguis fragilis complex which are the two legless lizards of the Turkish herpetofauna, killed because of being snake-like lizards when they face the humans. Thus, estimating this species ages will be a basis for the future conservation and monitoring studies. In this study, osteoderms of the Anguids (Anguis fragilis complex, Pseudopus apodus) collected from the northern part of Turkey (north part of the 40° latitude) were tested by skeletochronology. The resting lines (Lag) were seen on the osteoderms of both species. But, Lags in a cross section of caudal vertebra of Anguis fragilis complex were countable whereas the Lags in the cross sections of the osteoderms were couldn't count and can be show differences. For the Pseudopus apodus specimens, when the

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Structure of the femora and autotomous (postpygal) caudal vertebrae in the three-toed skink Chalcides chalcides (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) and its applicability for age and growth rate determination

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Age estimation through skeletochronology and mark-recapture of free-living Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Chile

Age estimation through skeletochronology and mark-recapture of free-living Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Chile

Assessing ontogenetic maturity in extinct saurian reptiles

Türkiye’de Yaşayan Anguid Kertenkelelerdeki Osteodermler ve Arka Bacak Kalıntıları İskelet Kronolojisi Metodunda Kullanılabilir mi?

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