Structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii 1053 having the KL91 capsule biosynthesis gene locus

Ability of phages to infect Acinetobacter calcoaceticus‐Acinetobacter baumannii complex species through acquisition of different pectate lyase depolymerase domains

“…and Supporting Information Fig. S2), we conclude that non‐homologous depolymerase domains bind to distinct bacterial K types; the non‐homologous depolymerases of P1, B1, B3, Fri1, AS12/phiAB1 and phiAB2 (from a partially sequenced phage deposited in Genbank GU979517) possibly recognize K1, K9, K2, K19 (Kenyon et al ., ), K27 (Shashkov et al ., ) and K3 capsules (Lin et al ., ) respectively. The non‐sequenced phage B2 recognizes capsule K44 and is, therefore, expected to encode another non‐homologous depolymerase.…”

“…The gene content of each cluster was determined by detecting open reading frames with GeneMark and annotated using Blast according to a system proposed earlier [32]. Capsular polysaccharide clusters of A. baumannii were designated according to references (Kenyon and Hall, ; Arbatsky et al ., ; Shashkov et al ., ; ; Arbatsky et al ., ). Possible transposons were determined using HHpred (Alva et al ., ).…”

“…In Acinetobacter species, the capsule comes in many K types, reflecting the different sets of genes of the KL coding for the enzymes responsible for capsule synthesis, assembly, and export (Hu et al ., ; Kenyon and Hall, ; Kenyon et al ., , ). Typically, KL includes the export genes at one end, the genes for synthesis of common sugar precursors at the other end, and a highly variable region in between that includes the remaining genes (e.g., genes coding for pseudaminic acid ( Psa ), legionaminic acid ( Lag ), 8‐epilegionaminc acid and acinetaminic acid) (Kenyon and Hall, ; Kenyon et al ., , ; Shashkov et al ., ). Compared with the 80 and 81 different capsular K antigens documented in E. coli and K. pneumonia species respectively (Whitfield and Roberts, ; Pan et al ., ), at least 106 capsular types exist in A. baumannii (Kenyon et al ., ).…”

Structural determination of the K14 capsular polysaccharide from an ST25 Acinetobacter baumannii isolate, D46

“…Genes for Gna and Pgt1 have also been found in several other A. baumannii capsule gene clusters where d-GlcpNAcA, d-GalpNAcA, or phosphoglycerol residues are not present in the corresponding capsule structures. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, a gna gene is found in all K loci reported to date and may be required for another critical function. Pgt1 is present only in some K loci and may not be required for capsule biosynthesis in A. baumannii.…”

“…6 Subsequently, further good correlations between a specific KL cluster gene content and the CPS structure have been reported. 4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Hence, all of the original structures for the strain set examined by Hu et al 6 need to be re-determined.…”