Structure characterization and thermal stabilities of the isomers of the brominated flame retardant 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane

Arsenault, Gilles; Lough, Alan J.; Märvin, Chris H.; McAlees, Alan J.; McCrindle, Robert; MacInnis, Gordia; Pleskach, Kerri; Potter, David; Riddell, Nicole; Sverko, Ed; Tittlemier, Sheryl A.; Tomy, Gregg T.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.044

Cited by 78 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…DBE-DBCH is an additive FR marketed by Albemarle Corporation as Saytex BCL-462 and contains equal amounts of the two diastereomers, a-and b-DBE-DBCH that can thermally isomerize into g-DBE-DBCH and d-DBE-DBCH (Arsenault et al, 2008). In this study we analysed b-DBE-DBCH which was detected mainly in the gasphase with a mean concentration of 3.4 pg/m 3 (Table S3 in the SI).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Concentrations in air of organobromine, organochlorine and organophosphate flame retardants in Toronto, Canada

Shoeib

Ahrens

Jantunen

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Concentrations in air of organobromine, organochlorine and organophosphate flame retardants in Toronto, Canada

Shoeib

Ahrens

Jantunen

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…All four stereoisomers can be separated by GC-MS (Kolic et al, 2009). Arsenault et al (2008) observed interconversion of α-and β-DBE-DBCH to γ-and δ-DBE-DBCH. Tomy et al (2008, as cited in Papachlimitzou et al, 2012 found co-elution of the β-isomer with BDE-15 on a short GC-column.…”

Section: Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Scientific Opinion on Emerging and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) in Food

2012

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on brominated flame retardants (BFRs) other than PBDEs, PBBs, HBCDDs, TBBPA and brominated phenols and their derivatives. The BFRs that are the subject of the current opinion, were classified in groups termed "emerging" and "novel" BFRs. Information on 17 emerging and 10 novel BFRs was collected. The information varied widely for these BFRs. There is a lack of experimental data on physico-chemical characteristics, stability/reactivity and current use and production volume of all the emerging and novel BFRs. Due to the very limited information on occurrence, exposure and toxicity, the CONTAM Panel could not perform a risk characterisation for any of the BFRs considered. Instead, an attempt was made to identify those BFRs that could be a potential health concern and should be considered first for future investigations. For this purpose the Panel first evaluated the available experimental data on occurrence in food, behaviour in the environment and toxicity. Secondly, a modelling exercise was performed focussing on the potential of the emerging and novel BFRs for persistence in the environment and for their possible bioaccumulation potential. There is convincing evidence that tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (TDBPP) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (DBNPG) are genotoxic and carcinogenic, warranting further surveillance of their occurrence in the environment and in food. Based on the limited experimental data on environmental behaviour, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) and hexabromobenzene (HBB) were identified as compounds that could raise a concern for bioaccumulation. For the modelling exercise, the CONTAM Panel selected two environmental characteristics, overall persistence and potential for bioaccumulation, as being most relevant to provide insight into the possibility that emerging or novel BFRs The less well known and less studied BFRs, subject of the current opinion, were grouped into two classes, referred to herein as "emerging" and "novel" BFRs. Emerging BFRs are defined as chemicals which are applied as flame retardants and that have been identified in any environmental compartment, in wildlife, in food or in humans. It should be noted that the definition for the emerging BFRs, used in this opinion, does not imply that there is evidence for an increasing trend in the concentration of these BFRs in the environment, in food or in human samples. Novel BFRs are defined as chemicals applied as flame retardants, with confirmed presence in materials and/or goods in concentrations above 0.1 %, but not identified in environmental samples, wildlife, food or humans. In total, information on 27 BFRs, of which 17 were identified as "emerging" and 10 as "novel", was collected by the CONTAM Panel, and it was noted that the available information varied widely for the various individual BFRs.In general, there is a lack of experimental data on physico-chemical characteristics and stability/reactivity for all the emerging and novel BFRs. This sometimes hampered ...

show abstract

“…Commercial 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (TBECH) is marketed by Albemarle as Saytex BCL-462 and contains equal amounts of the two diastereomers, a-and b-TBECH [36,102]. It is an additive flame retardant used in expandable polystyrene beads for house insulation, extruded polystyrene, for adhesives in fabric, electrical cable coatings, high impact plastic in appliances, and some construction materials [86] (http://www.albemarle.com, accessed March 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Brominated Flame Retardants in the Environment

Wit

Kierkegaard

Ricklund

et al. 2010

Brominated Flame Retardants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A number of new brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are being found in the environment but the amount of data is still very small. The best studied emerging BFRs are 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane and decabromodiphenyl ethane, with some data for hexabromobenzene, pentabromoethylbenzene, pentabromotoluene, tetrabromobisphenol A derivatives, bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate, 2-ethylhexyltetrabromobenzoate, 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl) cyclohexane, and 2,4,6-tribromophenol. Very little data are available for 2,4,6-tribromophenyl allyl ether, 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether, hexachlorocyclopentadienyldibromocyclooctane, tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, 1,2,5,6-tetrabromocyclooctane, and octabromo-1,3,3-trimethyl-1-phenylindane. Indoor air concentrations are generally higher than outdoor air concentrations, indicating emissions from flame-retarded products. Their presence in indoor air and dust indicates possible human exposure from this pathway, but there are little human data available to determine this. The presence of several of these BFRs in fish, birds, and mammals indicates that they are bioavailable and can be absorbed and bioaccumulated. Their presence in outdoor air and in the Arctic indicates that several are capable of long range atmospheric transport. More data on these new BFRs are needed in order to determine if they pose unacceptable risks to the environment and to human health.

show abstract

Structure characterization and thermal stabilities of the isomers of the brominated flame retardant 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane

Cited by 78 publications

References 8 publications

Concentrations in air of organobromine, organochlorine and organophosphate flame retardants in Toronto, Canada

Concentrations in air of organobromine, organochlorine and organophosphate flame retardants in Toronto, Canada

Scientific Opinion on Emerging and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) in Food

Emerging Brominated Flame Retardants in the Environment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About