Structure and thermal characterisation of poly(arylene ether sulphone)s

Lakshmi, R. T. S. Muthu; Kumari, Ramesh; Varma, I. K.

doi:10.1007/s10973-005-0449-0

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…6a) of the gasketed area, membrane surface that faced the negative electrode, and membrane surface that faced the positive electrode, show that there is no significant detectable chemical degradation in the survey scans. Modes associated with aromatic C=C stretching (1600-1500 cm -1 ), sulfone SO 2 stretching (1294, 1265, 1150 cm -1 ), C-O-C stretching of the aryl ether (1205 cm -1 ), aromatic ring vibrations (1110, 1073, 1010 cm -1 ), and other features associated with aromatic C-H deformations and C-S stretches (below 1000 cm -1 ) all remain unchanged within detection limits [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The only noted changes occurred at the sulfonate SO 2 symmetric stretch (1026 cm -1 ).…”

Section: Raman Analysis Of Ex-situ Degraded and In Situ Cycled S-radementioning

confidence: 93%

Chemical and mechanical degradation of sulfonated poly(sulfone) membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries

et al. 2011

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A sulfonated poly(sulfone) (S-Radel Ò ) membrane with high proton conductivity and low vanadium ion permeability showed high initial performance in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) but suffered mechanical and chemical degradation during charge/discharge cycling. The S-Radel membrane showed different degradation behavior in flow cell cycling and ex-situ vanadium ion immersion tests. When the membrane was immersed in aqueous V 5? solution, the sample cracked into small pieces, but did not degrade to any measurable extent in V 4? solution. During charge/discharge cycling in the VRFB cell, the membrane underwent internal delamination, preferentially on the side of the membrane that faced the positive electrode. A vanadium-rich region was observed near the membrane surface that experienced delamination and Raman spectroscopic analysis of the degraded surface indicated a slightly depressed 1026 cm -1 band corresponding to a loss in the sulfonate SO 2 stretch intensity. Even though the S-Radel membrane underwent severe mechanical damage during the flow cell cycling, significant chemical degradation was not obvious from the spectroscopic analyses. For the VRFB containing an S-Radel membrane, an increase in membrane resistance caused an abnormal voltage depression during the discharge cycle. The reversible increase in membrane resistance and severe mechanical degradation of the membrane during cycling may be attributed to repeated formation and dissolution of particles inside the membrane. The mechanical stresses imposed by the particles coupled with a small amount of chemical degradation of the polymer by V 5? ions, are likely degradation mechanisms of the S-Radel membrane in VRFBs under high state-of-charge conditions.

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Section: Raman Analysis Of Ex-situ Degraded and In Situ Cycled S-radementioning

confidence: 93%

Chemical and mechanical degradation of sulfonated poly(sulfone) membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries

et al. 2011

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“…In addition, an element analysis of the char residues (see Table 4 ) further gives evidence that most of the phosphorus was left in the char residue, whereas very limited sulfur was maintained. Studies have shown that in sulfone-containing polymers, the Ar–SO 2 bond undergoes thermal cleavage during combustion, and then most of the resulting fragments are released in the form of sulfur dioxide and sulfone-containing aromatic compounds [ 6 , 42 , 43 ]. These volatiles, according to the previous report, can facilitate the generation of CO 2 , dilute combustion products, and promote char formation [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Reactive Phosphorus–Sulfur Containing Flame-Retardant Monomer on the Flame Retardancy and Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin

et al. 2020

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A novel reactive phosphorus and sulfur-containing monomer (bis(acryloxyethyldiphenylphosphate)sulfone, BADPS) was synthesized to enhance the comprehensive performance of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), and corresponding flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resins (FR-UPRs) with various amounts of BADPS were prepared by radical bulk polymerization. The flame retardancy and thermal and mechanical properties of the UPR samples were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements, cone calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and a tension test. The results showed that the introduction of BADPS remarkably enhanced the flame resistance and high-temperature stability, as well as the tensile performance of UPR. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy studies revealed that BADPS can efficaciously promote the formation of UPR char residue with an improved microstructure and increased graphitization degree, which enhancedthe high-temperature stability and char yield of UPR. Additionally, a thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared (TG-FTIR) analysis corroborated that the evolution of combustible volatiles from UPR decomposition was substantially restrained by the incorporation of BADPS, which is beneficial for the suppression of fire hazards in UPR.

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“…When the temperature rose to 250 °C, the intensity of the 1100 cm –1 peak, corresponding to the symmetric stretching vibration of the sulfone group, decreased, and it was barely observable at higher temperatures, indicating cleavage of the Ar–SO 2 group. Then, the resulting fragments will evolve in the form of volatiles, such as sulfone-containing aromatic compounds or sulfur dioxide. ,, Although the absorption peak of the PO group cannot be clearly detected at ambient temperature, because of overlap with the C–O stretching band, the peak at 966 cm –1 for P–O–Ar was found to disappear as temperature increased. Concurrently with the degradation of the P–O–Ar structure, the appearance of a peak at 900 cm –1 was observed, which can be assigned to the asymmetric stretching vibration of P–O–P. , This indicates the formation of more thermally stable polyphosphate species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 H NMR (CDCl 3 ), δ (ppm): 6.9−7.9 (ArH), 6.0 (1H, CH CH 2 ), 5.4 (1H, CHCH 2 , trans), 5.3 (1H, CHCH 2 , cis), 4.6 (2H, O−CH 2 ). 31 P NMR (CDCl 3 ), δ (ppm): −19.0 (singlet peak).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Properties of the Incorporation of a Novel Reactive Phosphorus- and Sulfur-Containing Flame-Retardant Monomer into Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Dai

Song

Yuen

et al. 2012

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A novel reactive phosphorus-and sulfur-containing flame-retardant monomer [di(allyloxybisphenol sulfone) phenoxy phosphonate, DASPP] was successfully synthesized and well characterized. Various amounts of DASPP were incorporated into the unsaturated polyester by radical bulk polymerization. The thermal properties and flammability of the flameretardant unsaturated polyester resin (FR-UPR) samples were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements, and cone calorimetry. The results showed that the introduction of DASPP into unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) can substantially improve its fire resistance and hightemperature stability. Interestingly, a linear increase in the glass transition temperature (T g ) with increasing incorporated DASPP content was observed by DSC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy studies revealed that DASPP can effectively improve the microstructure of UPR char residue and increase its graphitization degree, which can enhance UPR's thermo-oxidative stability and char yield in high-temperature regions. Furthermore, real-time Fourier transform infrared (RTIR) spectroscopy was employed to study the thermo-oxidative degradation reactions of different UPR samples, providing insight into the combustion mechanism. In addition, results from tensile testing demonstrated the improved mechanical properties for the samples containing DASPP.

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Structure and thermal characterisation of poly(arylene ether sulphone)s

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Chemical and mechanical degradation of sulfonated poly(sulfone) membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries

Chemical and mechanical degradation of sulfonated poly(sulfone) membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries

Effects of a Reactive Phosphorus–Sulfur Containing Flame-Retardant Monomer on the Flame Retardancy and Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Enhanced Properties of the Incorporation of a Novel Reactive Phosphorus- and Sulfur-Containing Flame-Retardant Monomer into Unsaturated Polyester Resin

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