Structure and property investigation of a Bi-based perovskite solid solution: (1−x)Bi(Ni1∕2Ti1∕2)O3–xPbTiO3

Abstract

Extending the investigations on Bi-based perovskite solid solutions for high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics, this paper considers the binary solid-solution system (1−x)Bi(Ni1∕2Ti1∕2)O3–xPbTiO3 [(1−x)BNT–xPT] for 0.39⩽x⩽1.00. High-density polycrystalline ceramics were fabricated using conventional solid-state processing methods. These ceramics are then taken for structural and electrical properties and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) was found at the composition 0.51BNT–0.49PT, with a corresponding paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition TC≈400°C. The electrical poled ceramics demonstrated piezoelectric d33 coefficients≈260pC∕N at room temperature for the MPB BNT–PT compositions. Experimental data are also given for the influence of MnO2 doping to the BNT–PT system close to the MPB compositions, noting an improvement in dielectric losses but a reduction in d33≈180pC∕N. Tricritical behavior is also identified in the tetragonal phase field, with a TC enhancement above TC∼495°C found similar to other Bi(Me′Me″)O3–PbTiO3 systems with high MPB transitions.

Presence of a monoclinic (Pm) phase in the morphotropic phase boundary region of multiferroic (1 − x)Bi(Ni1/2Ti1/2)O3-xPbTiO3 solid solution: A Rietveld study

“…The crystal and magnetic structure of the stabilized system may be different from the initial components after the formation of solid solution. Following this route, phase pure perovskite form of BNT has been stabilized at ambient pressure by forming its solid solution with other ceramics such as PbTiO 3 [24], Pb (1-x) Sr x TiO 3 [25], BaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3 etc. The structure of BNT is double perovskite with orthorhombic space group Pn2 1 a obtained by the repetition of monoclinic unit cells [17][18].…”

Temperature dependence of piezoelectric properties of high-TC Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–PbTiO3

“…12͒ and Bi͑Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 ͒O 3 -PbTiO 3 , 13 all known BiMeO 3 -PbTiO 3 -based systems have low or inferior piezoelectric properties at their MPB. As Bi͑Ni 1/2 Ti 1/2 ͒O 3 -PbTiO 3 suffers from high conductivity and dielectric losses, 12 we chose Bi͑Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 ͒O 3 -PbTiO 3 for our current study.…”

“…[1][2][3] The operating temperature of piezoelectric ceramics is generally limited to one-half of the Curie point ͑T C ͒ due to loss of polarization, typically at temperatures lower than 200°C ͓e.g., 150°C for the conventional piezoelectric materials based on the Pb͑Zr 1−x Ti x ͒O 3 ͑PZT͔͒ with a Curie temperature, T C = 386°C. 4 After excellent piezoelectric properties for ͑1 − x͒BiScO 3 -xPbTiO 3 ͑BS-PT͒ near the morphotropic phase boundary ͑MPB͒ ͑x = 0.64͒ were reported ͑piezoelectric coefficient, d 33 = 460 pC/ N, planar coupling coefficient, k p = 0.56, and T C = 450°C͒ recently, 5,6 the discovery of several promising high temperature piezoelectric materials with high performance followed in the general BiMeO 3 -PbTiO 3 system, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] where Me can be a single cation of valency +3 ͑e.g., Sc 3+ and Fe 3+ ͒ or a mixture of cations with an average valence of +3 ͑e.g., Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 and Ni 2/3 Nb 1/3 ͒. It has been proposed that the Bi substitution plays an unusual role of considerable enhancement of both Curie temperature ͑T C ͒ and tetragonality ͑c / a͒, which results from a strong coupling between Pb/Bi cations and B-site cations of strong ferroelectric activity, such as Ti, Zn, and Fe.…”

“…Hence, most recent studies have been focusing on nonscandium perovskites. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In fact, possible new compositions in BiMeO 3 -PbTiO 3 -based systems are plenty, because B-site Me of BiMeO 3 could be any combination, which gives an average valence of +3. According to the currently available literature, however, the design of BiMeO 3 -PbTiO 3 piezoelectrics faces a significant challenge in that only few systems form a MPB with PbTiO 3 .…”

PMN-PT based quaternary piezoceramics with enhanced piezoelectricity and temperature stability

“…13 It was expected that the Bi(Me)O 3 -PbTiO 3 compositions with higher T c > 300 C will shed light on the potentiality of achieving high temperature stability. [21][22][23][24][25][26] However, except BiScO 3 -PbTiO 3 (BS-PT), 21 the piezoelectric coefficients of the reported Bi(Me)O 3 -PbTiO 3 based ceramics, such as BiFeO 3 -PbTiO 3 (BF-PT), 22 BiInO 3 -PbTiO 3 (BI-PT), 23 Bi(Ni 1/2 Ti 1/2 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (BNT-PT), 24 Bi(Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (BMT-PT), 25,26 etc., were lower than 300 pC/N at their respective MPBs. Furthermore, it was reported that piezoelectric coefficients exhibited different degree of degradation in binary and ternary systems, not necessarily associated with their T c /T rt , though higher T c indicating broader usage temperature range.…”