Structure and Molecular Virology

Anderson, David; Cheng, R. Holland

doi:10.1002/9780470987131.ch39

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…HEV is the sole member of the genus Hepevirus, which is related to the caliciviruses [65 ]. Inter-strain sequence diversity of its genome allows four convenient groupings to be made.…”

Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E indigenous to economically developed countries: to what extent a zoonosis?

Teo

2006

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…HEV is the sole member of the genus Hepevirus, which is related to the caliciviruses [65 ]. Inter-strain sequence diversity of its genome allows four convenient groupings to be made.…”

Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E indigenous to economically developed countries: to what extent a zoonosis?

Teo

2006

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a positive-strand RNA virus without an envelope, which is classified as a member of the genus Hepevirus in the family Hepeviridae [1,2]. The virus is distributed worldwide, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America, causing acute hepatitis in humans and is thus an important public health problem [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of hepatitis E among swine: potential impact upon human infection

Satou

Nishiura

2007

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a zoonosis for which pigs play a role as a reservoir. In Japan, the infection has been enzootic in swine. Clarifying the detailed mechanisms of transmission within farms is required in order to facilitate an understanding of the age-specific patterns of infection, especially just prior to slaughter.ResultsHere we reanalyze a large-scale seroprevalence survey dataset from Japanese pig farms to estimate the force of infection. The forces of infection of swine HEV were estimated to be 3.45 (95% confidence interval: 3.17, 3.75), 2.68 (2.28, 3.14) and 3.11 (2.76, 3.50) [×10-2 per day] in Hokkaido, Honshu and Kyushu, respectively. The estimates with our model assumptions indicated that the average ages at infection ranged from 59.0–67.3 days and that the basic reproduction number, R0, was in the order of 4.02–5.17. Sensitivity analyses of age-specific incidence at different forces of infection revealed that a decline in the force of infection would elevate the age at infection and could increase the number of virus-excreting pigs at the age of 180 days.ConclusionAlthough our estimates imply that more than 95% of pigs are infected before the age of 150 days, the model shows that a decline in the force of infection could increase the risk of pig-to-human transmission. If the force of infection started to decline, it might be necessary to implement radical countermeasures (e.g. separation of uninfected pigs from infected herds beginning from the end of the suckling stage) to minimize the number of virus-positive pigs at the finishing stage.

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“…Based on its structural and physiochemical properties, HEV was provisionally classified as part of the family Caliciviridae , genus Calicivirus . Recently, the virus was reclassified in the genus Hepevirus of the novel family Hepeviridae [ 2 ]. The transmission of the virus into a host occurs primarily by a fecal-oral route via contaminated food or water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of swine hepatitis E virus in the porcine hepatic lesion in Jeju Island

et al. 2007

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Swine hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen due to its close genomic similarity to human HEV. The prevalence of swine HEV in the hepatic lesion of pigs from the Jeju Island was investigated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In total, 40 pigs with hepatitis lesions were selected from 19 different farms, based on examination by microscopy. RT-PCR findings revealed swine HEV in 22 cases (55%), including 18 suckling pigs and 4 growing pigs. Several histopathological lesions, including multifocal lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis, portal inflammation, and focal hepatocellular necrosis, were observed in liver sections of swine HEV PCR-positive pigs. The present study suggests that the prevalence of swine HEV is very high in the pig population in Jeju Island, and that pigs are infected at early stages of growth (under 2 months of age). The high prevalence of swine HEV in pigs in Jeju Island and the ability of this virus to infect across species puts people with swine-associated occupations at possible risk of zoonotic infection.

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Structure and Molecular Virology

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Hepatitis E indigenous to economically developed countries: to what extent a zoonosis?

Hepatitis E indigenous to economically developed countries: to what extent a zoonosis?

Transmission dynamics of hepatitis E among swine: potential impact upon human infection

Detection of swine hepatitis E virus in the porcine hepatic lesion in Jeju Island

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