Structure and mechanical properties of fluorine-containing glycidyl azide polymer-based energetic binders

Xu, Minghui; Ge, Zhongxue; Lu, Xin; Hu, Mo; Ji, Yueping; Hu, Huai‐Ming

doi:10.1002/pi.5394

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is clear that the tensile strength of PBFMO- b -GAP increased from 2.9 ± 0.11 to 5.75 ± 0.275 MPa, along with an increase in PBFMO content; meanwhile, the elongation at break decreased from 2056 ± 47.3% to 1660 ± 42.3%. The mechanical properties of PBFMO- b -GAP copolyurethanes were better than the reported literature, as shown in Table S1 [ 38 , 39 ]. In this work, PBFMO works as a hard segment in PBFMO- b -GAP copolyurethanes, and aggregates with each other to form physical cross-linking points.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Fluoropolymer/Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP) Block Copolyurethane as New Energetic Binders: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Performance

Xu¹,

Lu²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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In order to enhance the application performance of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) in solid propellant, an energetic copolyurethane binder, (poly[3,3-bis(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)oxetane] glycol-block-glycidylazide polymer (PBFMO-b-GAP) was synthesized using poly[3,3-bis(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)oxetane] glycol (PBFMO), which was prepared from cationic polymerization with GAP as the raw material and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as the coupling agent via a prepolymer process. The molecular structure of copolyurethanes was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The impact sensitivity, mechanical performance, and thermal behavior of PBFMO-b-GAP were studied by drop weight test, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS), tensile test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The results demonstrated that the introduction of fluoropolymers could evidently reduce the sensitivity of GAP-based polyurethane and enhance its mechanical behavior (the tensile strength up to 5.75 MPa with a breaking elongation of 1660%). Besides, PBFMO-b-GAP exhibited excellent resistance to thermal decomposition up to 200 °C and good compatibility with Al and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX). The thermal performance of the PBFMO-b-GAP/Al complex was investigated by a cook-off test, and the results indicated that the complex has specific reaction energy. Therefore, PBFMO-b-GAP may serve as a promising energetic binder for future propellant formulations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Fluoropolymer/Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP) Block Copolyurethane as New Energetic Binders: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Performance

Xu¹,

Lu²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…And it is consistent with the reports about the major endothermic one of hydroxyl‐terminated polyether prepolymers in Refs . Comparatively, the typical DSC curve of ATUPET shows the new exothermic event with maximum at around 250 °C that can be associated with the decomposition of the azide groups to nitrogen molecules ,. Furthermore, the DSC curve of polytriazoles elastomer (S4) has a one endothermic peak with a maximum at around 400 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Facile Preparation and Properties of Crosslinked Copolyether Elastomers with 1,2,3‐Triazole and Urethane Subunit via Click Polymerization

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Hu³

et al. 2019

ChemistryOpen

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An azide terminated ethylene oxide‐tetrahydrofuran copolymer with urethane segments (ATUPET) as a novel binder pre‐polymer, has been prepared through ethylene oxide‐tetrahydrofuran random copolymer (PET) end‐capping modification via one‐pot method. The structure characterization of the modifier has been analyzed by FTIR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and GPC. In comparison with PET, ATUPET has a slightly higher viscosity because it has additional hydrogen bonding interaction generated by the urethane in ATUPET. Triazole cross‐linked elastomers based on ATUPET with various functional molar ratios were prepared using tripropargylamine as a curing agent and cross‐linker. Mechanical properties indicate that the modulus E and tensile strength σ b exhibit a parabolic dependence with the increase in R. At around the stoichiometric ratio, the modulus E and tensile strength σ b reach a maximum and the elongation at break exhibit an acceptable value at the same time. Swelling tests demonstrate that the apparent cross‐linking densities (N 0 ) have a maximum value at the stoichiometric ratio. Thermal analysis shows that the ATUPET prepolymer and its polytriazoles elastomers exhibit a satisfactory stability. The results demonstrated that ATUPET might be a promising polymeric binder for future propellant formulations especially in the field of isocyanate‐free curing technology.

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“…With the development of energetic materials [35][36][37][38] (e.g. energetic compounds, energetic plasticizers), energetic binders [39][40][41][42] have emerged in order to meet the increasing energetic needs of propellants [43]. However, these polymers show some limitations in mechanical properties after curing, or processability at higher solid loading.…”

Section: Modification Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Chemical Modification and Application of these Modifiers in Propellants and Explosives

Zhang¹,

Shu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as a telechelic liquid polymer has been widely used in propellants and explosives and many modified-HTPBs have been reported in the literature. As a binder or additive in propellants and explosives, the chemical modification of HTPB for improving certain properties of propellants has been summarized in detail in this article. According to the application drawbacks of HTPB, modified-HTPB can be classified differently. Furthermore, there are polymers that have been modified on their energetic properties, such as GAP-PB-GAP, BAMO-PB-BAMO, AMMO-PB-AMMO, Nitro-HTPB, HTPB-DNB and NHTPB. Pre-polymers modified on their combustion properties include Butacene ® , FPDS-g-HTPB, Fc-HTPB, BiFc-g-HTPB, HTPB→[Fe(CO)3]x, PPA-HTPB-PPA and PNBE-HTPB-PNBE. HTPBs are also modified in curing systems containing, for example ETPB, PTPB, PrTPB, AzTPB, and PUPB, and other modification results are reviewed. Additionally, this overview is expected to provide an outlook for further studies in these fields.

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Structure and mechanical properties of fluorine-containing glycidyl azide polymer-based energetic binders

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

Fluoropolymer/Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP) Block Copolyurethane as New Energetic Binders: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Performance

Fluoropolymer/Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP) Block Copolyurethane as New Energetic Binders: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Performance

Facile Preparation and Properties of Crosslinked Copolyether Elastomers with 1,2,3‐Triazole and Urethane Subunit via Click Polymerization

Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Chemical Modification and Application of these Modifiers in Propellants and Explosives

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