Structure and magnetic properties of electrodeposited Ni films on n-GaAs(001)

Scheck, C.; Evans, Paul G.; Schad, R.; Zangari, Giovanni; Williams, John R.; Isaacs-Smith, T.

doi:10.1088/0953-8984/14/47/308

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…It seems that the Co-Au alloys electrodeposited at higher current densities either formed smaller grain sizes or formed solid solution. Similar results have been reported for other ferromagnetic films as well [45], [34]. The saturation magnetization of Co-Au alloys further decreased with the increase of annealing temperature due to the decrease in Co grain size, increase in Au grain size, and the change in the separation between the Co grains.…”

Section: B Composition Dependence Of Magnetoresistance Ratiosupporting

confidence: 88%

Magnetotransport Properties of Co-Au Granular Alloys

Rizal¹,

Ueda²,

Pokharel³

2011

IJAPM

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Abstract-A series of Cox-Au1-x granular alloys was grown using pulsed-current electrodeposition on polyimide substrates. The relationship between the giant magnetoresistance effect, saturation magnetization, and grain size was examined as the deposition current density and annealing temperatures were changed. A maximum magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of 4.5 % was obtained. The magnetization and ferromagnetic grain size of the as-deposited and annealed alloy films were examined against the deposition current density. The saturation magnetization decreased as the composition of Au was increased for both the alloys deposited at the current densities of 1 and 5 mA/cm2. The total magnetic moment further decreased on annealing. The grain size is found to be highly influenced by both the deposition current density and temperature. A low temperature magnetization measurement suggested that the ferromagnetic grain size decreases with increase in current densities. For the annealed samples, the ferromagnetic grain sizes were found to be dispersed in the Au matrix with different diameters. The decrease in magnetic moments with annealing is correlated with the grain size of the Co and its distribution in the gold matrix. The MR ratio increased with the increase in the deposition current density as a result of the formation of smaller grain size at higher deposition current densities.

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Section: B Composition Dependence Of Magnetoresistance Ratiosupporting

confidence: 88%

Magnetotransport Properties of Co-Au Granular Alloys

Rizal¹,

Ueda²,

Pokharel³

2011

IJAPM

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“…Both anisotropy constants exhibit a nonmonotonous behavior with thickness, resemblant of the nonmonotonous variation of coercivity with thickness reported in Ref. 3 for similar films. This means that there is probably a transition between different growth modes, so that films of different thickness cannot be modeled in the same framework.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

“…3 The ͑001͒ orientation always dominates the ͑011͒ one. The azimuthal and polar spread of these orientations can be relatively large, as high as 20 deg, probably as a consequence of the rather large lattice misfit between Ni and GaAs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness dependence of magnetic anisotropy in thin Ni films electrodeposited onto the (011) and (001) surfaces of n-GaAs

Gubbiotti¹,

Carlotti

Tacchi

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physics

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Brillouin light scattering from thermal spin waves has been exploited to investigate the thickness dependence of magnetic anisotropy of Ni films, with thickness in the range 7–35nm, grown by electrodeposition onto either (011)- or (001)-GaAs substrates. In the former case, Ni films exhibit a well-defined in-plane uniaxial anisotropy induced by the symmetry of the substrate. In the case of the (001)-GaAs substrate, instead, the magnetic anisotropy results from a combination of both a fourfold and a twofold contribution. The physical mechanisms responsible for the observed anisotropy, as well as its dependence on film thickness, are discussed in detail.

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“…The cell charges responsible for the oxide growth were estimated as increasing from 5 to 40 V. The anodizing efficiencies, i.e. charge from NRA/charge from voltage-time response based on Faraday's law [14], are given in Table 1, indicating that the low efficiency is induced at each anodic voltage. The presence of sodium and silicon species could not be quantified by RBS due to the low sensitivity for these elements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%