Structure and Macromolecular Composition of the Seed Coat of the Musaceae

Graven, P.; Koster, Chris G. de; Boon, Jaap J.; Bouman, F.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1996.0013

Cited by 61 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For phenolic polymers such as lignin, it has been shown that the products from THM are in better agreement with the molecular structure of lignin than those from conventional pyrolysis (Challinor, 1995(Challinor, , 2001). The phenolics and sugar product from the Juncus seed coats may relate to the lignin/cellulose complex observed in previous studies (van Bergen et al, 1994a, b;Graven et al, 1996Graven et al, , 1997van Bergen et al, 1997a, b;Stankiewicz et al, 1997;McCobb et al, 2001). …”

Section: Advantages Of Thm Over Conventional Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 59%

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Yeloff

Blokker

Bartlett

et al. 2008

Organic Geochemistry

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The influence of past depositional environments on the chemistry of sub-fossil Juncus seed coats (testa) from the top 1 m (corresponding to ca. 900 years of peat accumulation) of a peat bog in the Faroe Islands was examined. The chemistry of the testa of fresh Juncus seeds were characterised using thermally assisted pyrolysis and methylation (THM) in the presence of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and 'type' compounds were identified, representative of the major chemical groups in the testa (cellulose-related sugars, lignin-related phenolics, fatty acids). The abundance of the 'type' compounds in the products from sub-fossil testae (the internal tissues of the seeds do not survive beyond the very early stages of decomposition) was then quantified at contiguous 1 cm depth intervals. Major losses of C 18 unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and sugars were associated with the fresh to sub-fossil transition at ca. 7 cm depth. The preservation of the phenolic ferulic acid in the seed testa appears to be favoured by the input of small basaltic particles from the nearby stream channel. The mechanism by which inwash of inorganic material may be responsible for the improved chemical preservation of the Juncus seed testa is, however, unclear. The sugars were easily metabolised by microorganisms under aerobic conditions of low water table and preserved under anoxic conditions with high water table, suggesting that a drier mire surface may result in the more efficient depletion of polysaccharides and cellulose during the initial stage of decomposition in the acrotelm.

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Section: Advantages Of Thm Over Conventional Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 59%

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Yeloff

Blokker

Bartlett

et al. 2008

Organic Geochemistry

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“…Fructobacillus was found to utilize the simple sugars fructose and glucose (previously determined to be utilized within the bee gut by the microbial community [34]), as well as the plant carbohydrate lignin. The utilization of lignin by Fructobacillus is particularly interesting; Fructobacillus is associated with pollen and flowers, and this complex plant carbohydrate is found in pollen collected by the honey bee (35)(36)(37)(38). Fructobacillus seems therefore well positioned to begin the breakdown of this important plant-derived food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Cooccurring Lactic Acid Bacteria in Honey Bee Hives

Rokop

Horton

Newton

2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In contrast to the honey bee gut, which is colonized by a few characteristic bacterial clades, the hive of the honey bee is home to a diverse array of microbes, including many lactic acid bacteria (LAB). In this study, we used culture, combined with sequencing, to sample the LAB communities found across hive environments. Specifically, we sought to use network analysis to identify microbial hubs sharing nearly identical operational taxonomic units, evidence which may indicate cooccurrence of bacteria between environments. In the process, we identified interactions between noncore bacterial members (Fructobacillus and Lactobacillaceae) and honey bee-specific "core" members. Both Fructobacillus and Lactobacillaceae colonize brood cells, bee bread, and nectar and may serve the role of pioneering species, establishing an environment conducive to the inoculation by honey bee core bacteria. Coculture assays showed that these noncore bacterial members promote the growth of honey bee-specific bacterial species. Specifically, Fructobacillus by-products in spent medium supported the growth of the Firm-5 honey bee-specific clade in vitro. Metabolic characterization of Fructobacillus using carbohydrate utilization assays revealed that this strain is capable of utilizing the simple sugars fructose and glucose, as well as the complex plant carbohydrate lignin. We tested Fructobacillus for antibiotic sensitivity and found that this bacterium, which may be important for establishment of the microbiome, is sensitive to the commonly used antibiotic tetracycline. Our results point to the possible significance of "noncore" and environmental microbial community members in the modulation of honey bee microbiome dynamics and suggest that tetracycline use by beekeepers should be limited.

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“…This condition was also reported in Xyris indica (Weinzieher 1914), X. pauciflora (Govindapa 1956), and Xyris recorded here in Xyris, but this conflicts with Carlquist's (1960) interpretation of the seed operculum in Achlyphila, Abolboda, and Orectanthe as chalazal, since a micropylar and chalazal seed operculum are doubtfully homologous. A micropylar seed operculum is recorded in several Commelinanae (Werker 1997), such as Eriocaulon (Govindapa and Ramaswamy 1980), Commelinaceae (Grootjen and Bouman 1981), Rapateaceae (Tiemann 1985;Venturelli and Bouman 1988), Typha (Werker 1997), and some Zingiberales (Grootjen 1983;Grootjen and Bouman 1988;Graven et al 1996).…”

Section: Floral Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Position ofXyris: Flower and Seed Anatomy

Rudall

Sajo

1999

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Flower anatomy, embryology, and seed anatomy are described for some Brazilian species of Xyris section Nematopus and reviewed with respect to the systematic position of Xyris and allied taxa in Commelinanae. Apart from tenuinucellate ovules (shared with Poales, Mayaca, and Eriocaulaceae), Xyris lacks some of the synapomorphies of other genera that are sometimes included in Xyridaceae (Aratitiyopea, Achlyphila, Abolboda, and Orectanthe), such as inaperturate spinulate pollen; Xyris has monosulcate reticulate pollen. There is an unusual degree of variation among different genera of Xyridaceae for characters such as tapetum type, indicating that the monophyly of the family requires testing. However, while several characters indicate two generic groups, there is much missing critical information for embryological and seed coat characters in other Xyridaceae.

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Structure and Macromolecular Composition of the Seed Coat of the Musaceae

Cited by 61 publications

References 35 publications

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Decomposition of Juncus seeds in a valley mire (Faroe Islands) over a 900 year period

Interactions between Cooccurring Lactic Acid Bacteria in Honey Bee Hives

Systematic Position ofXyris: Flower and Seed Anatomy

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