Structure and Function of the Rubella Virus Proteins

Dorsett, Preston H.; Miller, David C.; Green, Kim Y.; Byrd, Frances I.

doi:10.1093/clinids/7.supplement_1.s150

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Therefore, the antigenic sites of E2 are less accessible to characterization by monoclonal antibodies (151). However, E2 does contain partial hemagglutination and neutralizing epitopes and may also carry strain-specific epitopes (28,46).…”

Section: E1 and E2 Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella Virus Replication and Links to Teratogenicity

Lee

Bowden

2000

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

152

115

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Section: E1 and E2 Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella Virus Replication and Links to Teratogenicity

Lee

Bowden

2000

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

152

115

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“…Rubella virus is a spherical, enveloped, 40-to 80-nm, 9.6-kb, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the family Togaviridae, the sole member of the genus Rubivirus (2,3). The genome is enclosed in a capsid composed of multiple copies of a capsid protein, C (3,4).…”

Section: Rubella Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The molecular weights of the virus's four structural polypeptides are as follows: E1, 58,000; E2a, 47,000; E2b, 42,000; C polypeptide chain, 33,000 (2,5). E1, E2a, and E2b are glycosylated and associated with the viral membrane.…”

Section: Rubella Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of Assays That Detect Anti-Rubella Virus IgG Antibodies

Dimech¹,

Grangeot-Keros

Vauloup‐Fellous

2016

Clin Microbiol Rev

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SUMMARYRubella virus usually causes a mild infection in humans but can cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Vaccination programs have significantly decreased primary rubella virus infection and CRS; however, vaccinated individuals usually have lower levels of rubella virus IgG than those with natural infections. Rubella virus IgG is quantified with enzyme immunoassays that have been calibrated against the World Health Organization (WHO) international standard and report results in international units per milliliter. It is recognized that the results reported by these assays are not standardized. This investigation into the reasons for the lack of standardization found that the current WHO international standard (RUB-1-94) fails by three key metrological principles. The standard is not a pure analyte but is composed of pooled human immunoglobulin. It was not calibrated by certified reference methods; rather, superseded tests were used. Finally, no measurement uncertainty estimations have been provided. There is an analytical and clinical consequence to the lack of standardization of rubella virus IgG assays, which leads to misinterpretation of results. The current approach to standardization of rubella virus IgG assays has not achieved the desired results. A new approach is required.

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“…No significant antigenic variation in the E1 glycoprotein was detected when nine strains of rubella were compared using a panel of 31 monoclonal antibodies [J. M. Best and colleagues, unpublished results]. However, experiments which compared the reactivity of sera from vaccinees with antigens prepared from wild-type and attenuated strains have suggested that antigenic differences may occur in E2 or C [62,94,95]. The rubella virus genome has been cloned and sequenced [96] It remains to be determined which expression system will be found to be most suitable for production of the viral polypeptides required to induce 'protective' antibodies.…”

Section: Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella vaccines: past, present and future

Best

1991

Epidemiol. Infect.

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The association between rubella in pregnancy and congenital anomalies was first reported 50 years ago, by N. McAlister Gregg, an Australian ophthalmologist [1]. During the next 20 years his findings were confirmed by others (reviewed in [2]). However, the first reports of the isolation of rubella virus in cell cultures and development of tests for neutralizing antibodies were not published until 1962 [3, 4]. Subsequent studies conducted in the UK and North America during a pandemic of rubella in 1963–4, were therefore able to make a more accurate estimate of the risks of maternal rubella at different stages of pregnancy. It was estimated that about 30000 rubella-damaged babies were born in the USA alone in 1963–4 [5]. This emphasized the importance of developing a vaccine to prevent infection in pregnancy and thereby, the birth of babies with rubella-induced congenital defects.

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Structure and Function of the Rubella Virus Proteins

Cited by 59 publications

References 8 publications

Rubella Virus Replication and Links to Teratogenicity

Rubella Virus Replication and Links to Teratogenicity

Standardization of Assays That Detect Anti-Rubella Virus IgG Antibodies

Rubella vaccines: past, present and future

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