Structure and evolution of a mouse tRNA gene cluster encoding tRNAAsp, tRNAGlyand tRNAGluand an unlinked, solitary gene encoding tRNAAsp

Looney, J E; Harding, John J.

doi:10.1093/nar/11.24.8761

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…1B). Because the promoter elements of these genes are identical with the Pol III promoter consensus sequences, [37][38][39] all three genes are expected to be transcriptionally competent. The genes were placed in the same orientation at RL5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These four genes contain the internal promoter consensus A and B boxes and are predicted to be competent for transcription and for forming a cloverleaf secondary structure in the tRNA gene product. 37,41 The individual tRNA genes in this cluster are separated by 400-500 bp of intervening sequence (IVS) and the PCR product includes 182 and 69 bp of left-and right-flanking endogenous DNA, respectively (4 tRNA, Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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tRNA genes protect a reporter gene from epigenetic silencing in mouse cells

Ebersole

Kim²,

Samoshkin³

et al. 2011

Cell Cycle

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

tRNA genes protect a reporter gene from epigenetic silencing in mouse cells

Ebersole

Kim²,

Samoshkin³

et al. 2011

Cell Cycle

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“…As a reference template, we used a mouse tRNAGIY gene (26), the transcripts of which are readily distinguishable from the tRNA His gene transcripts on a polyacrylamide gel (compare Fig. 7, lanes b and f).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual members of some mammalian tRNA gene families vary in respect to coding-or flanking-region sequences or both (26,37,41,45). Similar types of variation are also seen in tRNA genes isolated from amphibians (6), insects (e.g., see references 1, 10, 20), and yeasts (reviewed in reference 16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Modulation of transcriptional activity and stable complex formation by 5'-flanking regions of mouse tRNAHis genes.

Morry¹,

Harding²

1986

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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We determined the nucleotide sequences of three mouse tRNA His genes and a tRNAGIl gene present in two different A clones. One A clone contained two tRNA His genes 600 base pairs (bp) apart in opposite orientations. The other clone contained a tRNAHIs and a tRNAGIy gene 569 bp apart in the same orientation. The coding regions of the three tRNAHis genes were identical to sequenced mammalian tRNAHiS if posttranscriptional modifications are not considered. Notably, the three tRNAHiS genes and a fourth gene previously sequenced by us contained within the flanking regions, various amounts of short, conserved 5' leader sequences and 3' trailer sequences directly abutting the coding regions. Otherwise the flanking regions were not homologous. Deletion mutants of one of the tRNAHis genes were constructed which contained 228, 99, 9, and 3 bp of the wild-type 5'-flanking region, respectively. Deletion of 5'-flanking sequences from positions -9 to -4 reduced transcriptional activity substantially (ca. fivefold) in a HeLa cell S-100 lysate. This effect was independent of the vector sequences in the deletion clone, implying that the region from -4 to -9 of the intact gene contains a positive modulatory element for transcription in vitro. The deletion mutant containing 3 bp of wild-type 5'-flanking sequence also had a greatly reduced ability to inhibit the transcription of a second tRNA gene in a competition assay. Thus, the normal 5'-flanking region influences the ability of the gene to form stable complexes with transcription factors. These data further indicate that a mammalian transcription extract is sensitive to 5'-flanking-region effects if a suitable tRNA gene is assayed.Mammalian tRNA genes are reiterated and dispersed in the genome. Individual members of some mammalian tRNA gene families vary in respect to coding-or flanking-region sequences or both (26,37,41,45). Similar types of variation are also seen in tRNA genes isolated from amphibians (6), insects (e.g., see references 1, 10, 20), and yeasts (reviewed in reference 16). To obtain a detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which tRNA gene expression is regulated, it is necessary to determine the effects of intrafamilial sequence variation on gene activity.The efficiency of transcription, as measured by in vitro assays, is one level at which sequence variation can modulate tRNA gene activity. Eucaryotic tRNA genes contain highly conserved sequences within the coding regions that are absolutely required for transcription (4,14,19,42). These "internal" control regions appear to be sites of interaction of specific transcription factors with the gene (12,13,24,43,47 MATERIALS AND METHODSIsolation of X clones containing tRNAHiS genes. A recombinant DNA library containing DBA-2 mouse genomic DNA cloned in phage A Charon 4A (17) was plated, and the plaques were transferred to cellulose nitrate filters (BA85; Schleicher & Schuell, Inc., Keene, N.H.) by the method of Benton and Davis (2). Filters were hybridized with 5 x 106 cpm of 32P-labeled tRNAHi_specific probe ...

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“…A computer search of Genbank failed to find pronounced 5' homologies between mammalian opal suppressor genes and other mammalian tRNA genes. However, a cluster of tRNA genes shows homology in both 5' and 3' flanking regions between mouse and rat; other tRNA genes, which are homologous in their coding region and specify the sane amino acid, share some homology in their 5' flanking sequences (35)(36)(37)(38)(39). In the latter category however, neither in the lengths of exactly matching nucleotides nor in the overall extent of homology, are they comparable to the 5' flanking homologies of the mammalian opal suppressor genes.…”

Section: // \\ T~~~~~~~~~~~~~~10d Bpimentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved sequences in both coding and 5′ flanking regions of mammalian opal suppressor tRNA genes

et al. 1985

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The rabbit genome encodes an opal suppressor tRNA gene. The coding region is strictly conserved between the rabbit gene and the corresponding gene in the human genome. The rabbit opal suppressor gene contains the consensus sequence in the 3' internal control region but like the human and chicken genes, the rabbit 5' internal control region contains two additional nucleotides. The 5' flanking sequences of the rabbit and the human opal suppressor genes contain extensive regions of homology. A subset of these homologies is also present 5' to the chicken opal suppressor gene. Both the rabbit and the human genomes also encode a pseudogene. That of the rabbit lacks the 3' half of the coding region. Neither pseudogene has homologous regions to the 5' flanking regions of the genes. The presence of 5' homologies flanking only the transcribed genes and not the pseudogenes suggests that these regions may be regulatory control elements specifically involved in the expression of the eukaryotic opal suppressor gene. Moreover the strict conservation of coding sequences indicates functional importance for the opal suppressor tRNA genes.

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Structure and evolution of a mouse tRNA gene cluster encoding tRNA^Asp, tRNA^Glyand tRNA^Gluand an unlinked, solitary gene encoding tRNA^Asp

Abstract: We have sequenced mouse tRNA genes from two recombinant X phage.

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

tRNA genes protect a reporter gene from epigenetic silencing in mouse cells

tRNA genes protect a reporter gene from epigenetic silencing in mouse cells

Modulation of transcriptional activity and stable complex formation by 5'-flanking regions of mouse tRNAHis genes.

Conserved sequences in both coding and 5′ flanking regions of mammalian opal suppressor tRNA genes

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