Structure and Electrical Properties of Carbon-Rich Polymer Derived Silicon Carbonitride (SiCN)

Adigun, Oluwole Daniel; Ricohermoso, Emmanuel; Daniyan, A. A.; Umoru, L.E.; Ionescu, Emanuel

doi:10.3390/ceramics5040050

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…It was found that the electrical conductivity increases with the amount of DVB and the results were between 0.1 and 1.2 S/cm. This outcome is comparable with the amorphous carbon-rich C/SiCN nanocomposites prepared by Adigun et al [56]. As well known from the literature, pure OPSZ samples are insulators at pyrolyzing temperature below 1000 • C [1,15].…”

Section: Samplesupporting

confidence: 87%

Development of Inkjet Printable Formulations Based on Polyorganosilazane and Divinylbenzene

Qazzazie-Hauser,

Honnef,

Hanemann

2023

Polymers

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Within this work, ink formulations based on polyorganosilazane (OPSZ) and divinylbenzene (DVB) were developed to be processed by inkjet printing. The formulations were studied regarding their rheological, structural, and thermal properties. The rheological results show that the new formulations meet the requirements of the inkjet printer by showing both low viscosity (below 20 mPa∙s at printing temperature) and Newtonian flow behavior even at high shear rates. Additionally, the inks have surface tensions in the range of 21 to 26 mN/m2. First, printing experiments of single layers were successfully conducted and show that the developed formulations can be processed by inkjet printing. The inks were crosslinked by UV light and then pyrolyzed at 1100 °C resulting in a ceramic yield between 75 and 42%, depending on the ink formulation. The crosslinking behavior was studied via FTIR spectroscopy, and the results reveal that crosslinking occurs mainly via free-radical polymerization of the vinyl group. Furthermore, the results indicate that silicon carbonitride (SiCN) was formed after the pyrolysis. The results of the electrical properties of the amorphous ceramics differ in dependence on the amount of DVB in the formulation. A maximum electrical conductivity of 1.2 S/cm−1 was observed for a UV-cured sample with a high amount of DVB pyrolyzed at 1100 °C. The generation in electrical conductivity is given by the formation of free carbon derived most likely by DVB.

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Section: Samplesupporting

confidence: 87%

Development of Inkjet Printable Formulations Based on Polyorganosilazane and Divinylbenzene

Qazzazie-Hauser,

Honnef,

Hanemann

2023

Polymers

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“…Therefore, the resulting diffraction patterns only resembled SiC. Specifically, only 3C‐SiC, as established research states, is preferred under most synthetic conditions, including the decomposition of PSZ polymers 16,26 . The hexagonal type of diffraction peaks corresponds to SFs near the (1 1 1) planes centered at 35.6° (2 θ ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Specifically, only 3C-SiC, as established research states, is preferred under most synthetic conditions, including the decomposition of PSZ polymers. 16,26 The hexagonal type of diffraction peaks corresponds to SFs near the (1 1 1) planes centered at 35.6 • (2θ). These SF peaks consist of growth faults (twin faults) and intrinsic and extrinsic deformation faults.…”

Section: Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and defect analysis of different polysilazane‐derived silicon carbide systems

Shuster,

Bamonte,

Valus

et al. 2024

J Am Ceram Soc.

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Polysilazane (PSZ) polymers offer the ability to form silicon carbide (SiC) or silicon nitride (Si3N4) via thermal pyrolysis. The majority of studies surrounding this polymer have focused on the decomposition of PSZ to amorphous glass. Investigations into the structural defects and bonding environments of the final ceramic systems are not as frequently discussed. Examining structural defects/abnormalities can help better use PSZ‐derived ceramics in electronic and high‐temperature applications, where phase identity and microstructure are important.In this work, three PSZ‐derived polymers were synthesized with different C/N ratios (1.33, 1.0, and 1.2) via the ammonolysis condensation reaction with chlorinated silanes. The samples were named PSZ‐SiCF1‐3. Samples were then pyrolyzed under Ar in a tube furnace at 1600°C for 5 h. Characterization included X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy.XRD measurements uncovered arbitrary stacking fault (SF) measurements of 3C‐SiC to be 4.12, 1.08, and 2.12 (unitless) for samples PSZ‐SiCF1‐3. Results were supported through Raman spectroscopy and TEM. High carbon content, not higher residual nitrogen content, was more impactful for SF formation. This highlights the importance of SFs in the microstructural evolution of non‐oxide ceramics.

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“…The 2D band observed around 2700 cm −1 is usually found in defect free graphite samples while the D + G band is assigned to the disordered state of the carbon nanostructure in the samples (Gao et al 2012 ; Colombo et al 2010 ; Wen et al 2020 ; Adigun et al 2022 ). At close observation, this amorphous state decreases as the coal wastes transform into carbon/ceramic composites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of bonding, surface property, electrical behaviour, and environmental friendliness of carbon/ceramic composites produced via the pyrolysis of coal waste with polysiloxane polymer

Eterigho-Ikelegbe,

Trammell,

Ricohermoso

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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A simple mixing-pressing followed by thermal curing and pyrolysis process was used to upcycle coal waste into high-value composites. Three coal wastes of different physicochemical properties were investigated. The hypothetical mechanisms of bonding between the coal particles and the preceramic polymer are presented. The textural properties of the coals indicated that the lowest volatile coal waste (PCD) had a dense structure. This limited the diffusion and reaction of the preceramic polymer with the coal waste during pyrolysis, thereby leading to low-quality composites. The water contact angles of the composites up to 104° imply hydrophobic surfaces, hence, no external coating might be required. Analysis of the carbon phase confirmed that the amorphous carbon structure is prevalent in the composites compared to the coal wastes. The dc volume resistivity of the composites in the range of 22 to 82 Ω-cm infers that the composites are unlikely to suffer electrostatic discharge, which makes them useful in creating self-heating building parts. The leached concentrations of heavy metal elements from the composites based on the end-of-life scenario were below the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure regulatory limits. Additionally, the release potential or mobility of the metals from the composites was not influenced by the pH of the eluants used. On the basis of the reported results, these carbon/ceramic composites show tremendous prospects as building materials due to these properties. Graphical Abstract

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Structure and Electrical Properties of Carbon-Rich Polymer Derived Silicon Carbonitride (SiCN)

Cited by 4 publications

References 81 publications

Development of Inkjet Printable Formulations Based on Polyorganosilazane and Divinylbenzene

Development of Inkjet Printable Formulations Based on Polyorganosilazane and Divinylbenzene

Structure and defect analysis of different polysilazane‐derived silicon carbide systems

Mechanism of bonding, surface property, electrical behaviour, and environmental friendliness of carbon/ceramic composites produced via the pyrolysis of coal waste with polysiloxane polymer

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