Structure and dielectric behavior of nano-structure ferroelectric BaxSr1−xTiO3 prepared by sol–gel method

Structural, electrical and piezoelectric properties of nanocrystalline tin-substituted barium titanate ceramics

“…The increase of Sr content in Ba (1−x) Sr x TiO 3 ceramics synthesized from nanopowders causes the inhibition of grain growth and downward shift of Curie temperature (T c ) [26]. It is also reported that the nano-crystalline Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 powders prepared by sol-gel method were crystallized to the tetragonal phase after sintering at 750 • C for 1 h with the Curie temperature for the resulting ceramics to be only 75 • C [27]. No such reports are available for BTS prepared from nanopowders.…”

Sol–gel synthesis and characterisation of La doped (1−x)BaTiO3–x(Bi0·5K0·5)TiO3PTCR ceramics

“…Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses of dried gel were carried out by using a simultaneous thermal analyser (Instruments NETZSCH STA 449 F) at a heating rate of 5uC min 21 . Infrared spectra of the precursor gels heated at different temperatures were recorded in the range 400-4000 cm 21 , using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR WQF-510; Beijing China).…”

“…In comparison with other techniques, the sol-gel process has shown considerable advantages, including excellent chemical stoichiometry, compositional homogeneity and lower crystallisation temperature. [19][20][21] With this point of view, in this study, lead free (12x)BaTiO 3 2x(Bi 0?5 K 0?5 )TiO 3 (x50, 0?01, 0?02, 0?03 and 0?04) PTCR ceramics were prepared by the aqueous based citrate-nitrate sol-gel method. The La 3z ion as a donor which can reduce the room temperature resistivity was added into BT-BKT and the influence of La 3z and BKT on the electrical properties was studied.…”

Phase Formation and Microstructure of BaTiO3Ceramics Prepared by Direct Current Arc Discharge Process

“…All known previous studies, BaTiO 3 has a perovskite crystal structure that undergoes four phase transitions [5] when cooled from high temperature, hexagonal to cubic at 1460 C, cubic to tetragonal at 120 C, tetragonal to orthorhombic at 0 C, and orthorhombic to rhombohedral at ¡90 C. Except for the conventional solid-state reaction method, BaTiO 3 ceramics can be prepared by several methods, such as hydrothermal synthesis [6], sol-gel [7], citrates [8], microemulsion [9] and polymeric precursors [10] method. Temperatures of these methods are less than 2000 C, but there is no evidence to indicate BaTiO 3 prepared above 2000 C by dc arc discharge plasma process in other literature.…”