Structure and chemistry of fiber metal laminates

Surowska, B.; Jakubczak, Patryk; Bieniaś, J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100791-4.00008-2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Research on the corrosion of such combinations is conducted in terms of their application in the aircraft industry [4,5], electrical engineering [6,7], sea water engineering [8], and other fields. One important factor, apart from reducing galvanic corrosion in aluminum-CFRP laminates, is the adhesion of the two components [9,10,11]. This is why the aluminum surface preparation method and the barrier properties of the interlayer must be selected on the basis of these two aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AA2024 aluminum alloy, widely used in the aircraft industry, requires protection against corrosion. The surface of elements that come into direct contact with the environment usually have a conversion coating applied or undergo anodizing and receive an intermediate layer (primer) and paint coating [9,10,12]. Chromate conversion coatings (CCC) and oxide coatings produced during chromic acid anodizing (CAA) are considered to provide good protection against corrosion but are currently being withdrawn due to the toxicity of chromium(VI) [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Durability of an Organic–Inorganic Sol–Gel Interlayer in Al-GFRP-CFRP Laminates in a Saline Environment

et al. 2019

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The aim of the study was to assess the selected properties of a hybrid organic–inorganic silane sol–gel coating (HSG) used in hybrid fiber metal laminates (FML) in a corrosion environment. The HSG coating on the aluminum alloy was produced using 3M™ AC130-2 formulation consisting of 3-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetra-n-propoxyzirconium (zirconium(IV) propoxide) (TPOZ). Laminates consisted of aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 sheets, with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) and a glass fiber reinforced metal–composite structure (GFRP). Potentiodynamic and polarization curve and impedance (EIS) tests were carried out on HSG at ambient temperatures after 1 h and 150 h of soaking. Neutral 0.5 M NaCl and 0.8 M NaCl solutions were used for open circuit potential (OCP) and potentiodynamic tests, and 0.5 NaCl was used for the EIS test. A neutral salt spray (NSS) test was applied to laminates with a 12 week exposure period. The results obtained revealed that the HSG coating did not provide sufficient protection against corrosion of the aluminum alloy in direct contact with an aggressive environment but was effective as an interlayer. Local aluminum sheet perforation did not lead to delamination at the metal–composite interface regardless of the type or configuration of the composite. This confirms the durability of HSG used in FMLs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Durability of an Organic–Inorganic Sol–Gel Interlayer in Al-GFRP-CFRP Laminates in a Saline Environment

et al. 2019

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“…FML offers good impact resistance under impact loading in comparison to composite and monolithic metals. FML laminate can prevent the spread of Al fractures 12,15,23,26,32,36) .…”

Section: High Impact Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Mechanical Properties and Response of Fibre Metal Laminate under Impact Loading (Experiment)

Awi¹,

Abdullah²

2023

Evergreen

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Fibre metal laminate (FMLs) are hybrid composite materials which consisted of metallic layers and fibre-reinforced polymer. Currently, FMLs are becoming increasingly utilized in a wide range of applications, such as aircraft, automotive, marine, sporting goods and medical due to their specific mechanical properties like superior impact resistance and fatigue resistance. ARALL (Aramid-Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), which is based on aramid fibres, GLARE (Glass Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), which is based on high-strength glass fibres and CARALL (Carbon Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), which is based on carbon fibres, are the most commercial products FMLs. This article analyzes pertinent literature associated with experimental work on FMLs and their constituent materials subjected to impact loading. It reviewed the mechanical properties, impact performance indices, crushing behavior, failure modes, and failure mechanisms of various FML structures with different variables (impact energy, fibre orientation, layup configuration, stacking sequence, metal arrangement, direction and type of reinforcement, laminate thickness, metal thickness) under impact conditions (lateral and axial impacts). Overall, the literature on the response of FML flat plate structures to axial impact loads is unreported, and the most current research focusing on the axial crushing of FML tubes. Hence, further studies are required to increase the applicability of FMLs in applications that may be impacted under axial loading.

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“…6 Typical microstructure characteristics of FML using the examples of the GLARE and CARALL laminate types. a Ti/GFRP 2/1 (0/0)2, bAl/GFRP 2/1 (90/0)2, SEM images[43]…”

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confidence: 99%

A state-of-the-art review on mechanical characteristics of different fiber metal laminates for aerospace and structural applications

Etri

Korkmaz

Gupta

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The reduction of weight elements is considered as a major objective of several manufacturing companies. This objective will help in growing application sections of the used fiber composites for important structural elements. Modern fiber metal laminate (FML) having lightweight properties is established to be used instead of other substances in different applications including those related to the aerospace industrial sector. Fiber metal laminate is being deemed as an alternative significant substance that is being extensively explored due to its operation, unlike other current materials. There are different profitable FML such as GLARE (glass-reinforced aluminum laminate), established on elevated intensity ARALL glass fibers (aramid-reinforced aluminum laminate), built on fibers of aramid, in addition to CARALL (carbon-reinforced aluminum laminate), centered on fibers of carbon. This paper analyzes important information that contributes to the mechanical characteristics of FMLs under tensile, flexure, impact, etc. conditions.

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Structure and chemistry of fiber metal laminates

Cited by 5 publications

References 90 publications

The Durability of an Organic–Inorganic Sol–Gel Interlayer in Al-GFRP-CFRP Laminates in a Saline Environment

The Durability of an Organic–Inorganic Sol–Gel Interlayer in Al-GFRP-CFRP Laminates in a Saline Environment

A Review on Mechanical Properties and Response of Fibre Metal Laminate under Impact Loading (Experiment)

A state-of-the-art review on mechanical characteristics of different fiber metal laminates for aerospace and structural applications

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