Structural Studies on the O-Specific Side Chains of the Cell Wall Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella typhi and S. enteritidis.

Hellerqvist, Carl G.; Lindberg, Bengt; Svensson, Sigfrid; Holme, Tord; Lindberg, Alf A.; Jansen, Gert; Lamm, Bo; Samuelsson, Benny

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-1588

Cited by 79 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…1). As with the published structure, the 3-linked galactosyl residue in this repeating unit is occasionally glucosylated at O-4; the ratio of 3-linked to 3,4-linked galactose was 7:1, which was approximately the same as the ratio obtained for the S. enteritidis LPS from Sigma (Table 1) as well as for the published structure (8). However, the SE6-E21 HMW LPS had a much higher level of glucosylation; the above-specified ratio was 1:1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…1. This LPS is heterogeneous in that it contains various sizes of O-chain polysaccharide (PS) and is also nonstoichiometrically glucosylated (8). In addition, it is possible for an LPS preparation to contain incomplete molecules which lack the O-chain PS entirely.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LPSs, also known as endotoxins, comprise the outer leaflet of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane and have been extensively studied in species of the salmonellae, including S. enteritidis (8). The reported LPS structure for S. enteritidis LPS is shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A virulent isolate of Salmonella enteritidis produces a Salmonella typhi-like lipopolysaccharide

1997

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The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Salmonella enteritidis has been implicated as a virulence factor of this organism. Therefore, the LPS from a stable virulent isolate, SE6-E21, was compared with that from an avirulent isolate, SE6-E5. The LPSs were extracted, and the high-molecular-weight (HMW) LPS was separated from the low-molecular-weight (LMW) LPS for both isolates. Both the HMW and LMW LPSs were characterized by glycosyl composition and linkage analyses. Immunochemical characterization was performed by Western blotting using factor 9 antiserum and using S. typhimurium antiserum which contains factors 1, 4, 5, and 12 2 . In addition, the polysaccharides released by mild acid hydrolysis were isolated and subjected to hydrolysis by bacteriophage P22, which contains endorhamnosidase activity. The resulting oligosaccharides were purified by using Bio-Gel P4 gel permeation chromatography and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry ( Salmonella enteritidis is a virulent human pathogen which, in the United States, is contracted primarily through consumption of contaminated eggs (18,25). The ability of bacterial cells to invade organs after oral inoculation of a host is an indication of virulence. Virulence is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by a number of molecules called virulence factors. The regulation mechanism(s) by which virulence factors are expressed is very complex (1, 21). Variations of in vitro and in vivo conditions constantly perturb the relationship between these regulatory pathways, and thus potential pathogens are often not maximally virulent as they exist in the environment (16). Consequently, epidemics due to virulent organisms occur sporadically (23, 24), i.e., when conditions that result in the expression of virulence factors occur. Due to the number of virulence factors and the complexity of their expression, it is unusual for a single factor on the outer membrane to be a reliable predictor of virulence. Therefore, animal experimentation has been used to assess the virulence of most gramnegative pathogens.Recent investigations of S. enteritidis have indicated that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a virulence factor (5, 6, 20) and have also indicated that a particular structure of the LPS molecule might be a reliable indicator of virulence potential (6,20). The LPSs, also known as endotoxins, comprise the outer leaflet of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane and have been extensively studied in species of the salmonellae, including S. enteritidis (8). The reported LPS structure for S. enteritidis LPS is shown in Fig. 1. This LPS is heterogeneous in that it contains various sizes of O-chain polysaccharide (PS) and is also nonstoichiometrically glucosylated (8). In addition, it is possible for an LPS preparation to contain incomplete molecules which lack the O-chain PS entirely. Virulent isolates of S. enteritidis, defined as those obtained from the spleens of mice and chickens and from hen eggs, produce LPS with an O-chain PS-to...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

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A virulent isolate of Salmonella enteritidis produces a Salmonella typhi-like lipopolysaccharide

1997

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“…The permethylated polysaccharide was extracted with chloroform [20] and hydrolysed [19]; the resulting partially methylated sugars being then reduced and acetylated as before. Separation, identification, and estimation was carried out by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry using a column of 3"/, ECNSS on 100-200 mesh GasChrom Q (Phase Separations Ltd, Clwyd, Wales).…”

Section: Methylation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the Core Oligosaccharide from the Lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC1R and Its Defective Mutants

Rowe¹,

Meadow²

1983

Eur J Biochem

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Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC 1 R and its lipopolysaccharide-defective mutants. Core fractions were obtained from them following mild acid hydrolysis, by gel chromatography using Bio-Gel P6. The core fraction from the parent strain contained glucose, rhamnose, galactosamine, heptose and alanine in the approximate molar ratios 3 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 while core fractions from the defective mutants lacked rhamnose and/or one, two, or three glucose units. Methylation analysis of the core fractions including identification of the partially methylated alditol acetates by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy allowed the formulation of possible structures. These were confirmed by 3C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Fractions consisting of core to which was attached unpolymerised 0-antigen were isolated from the parent strain and one of the mutants and analysed in the same way to identify the attachment point of the 0-antigen.The combined data leads to the formulation of the core oligosaccharide of PAClR and its mutants as follows:

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“…Heretofore, it had been accepted that the 0 antigens ofS. typhi and S. enteritidis bioserotype enteriditis were identical (19,70). LPS prepared from these two Salmonella are virtually interchangeable when used as antigens in ELISA (26), demonstrating considerable immunologic relatedness.…”

Section: Bacteriologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and in vivo stability of two attenuated auxotrophic mutant strains of Salmonella typhi, 541Ty and 543Ty, as live oral vaccines in humans.

Levine¹,

Herrington²,

Murphy³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

176

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Structural Studies on the O-Specific Side Chains of the Cell Wall Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella typhi and S. enteritidis.

Cited by 79 publications

References 0 publications

A virulent isolate of Salmonella enteritidis produces a Salmonella typhi-like lipopolysaccharide

A virulent isolate of Salmonella enteritidis produces a Salmonella typhi-like lipopolysaccharide

Structure of the Core Oligosaccharide from the Lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC1R and Its Defective Mutants

Safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and in vivo stability of two attenuated auxotrophic mutant strains of Salmonella typhi, 541Ty and 543Ty, as live oral vaccines in humans.

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