Structural studies on cyclic (1→2)-β-d-glucans (cyclosophoraoses) produced by Agrobacterium and Rhizobium

Hisamatsu, Makoto; Amemura, Akinori; Koizumi, Kyoko; Utamura, Toshiko; Okada, Yasuyo

doi:10.1016/0008-6215(83)84003-8

Cited by 56 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…is of interest in view of the widespread occurrence of these molecules among Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species (2,5,16,17,20,21,23). However, the possibility that the cell-associated glucans of Bradyrhizobium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cell surface carbohydrates include extracellular polysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, and periplasmic glucans. Recent studies have demonstrated that Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species synthesize neutral and anionic periplasmic glucans of similar structure (2,5,16,17,20,21,23). In both genera, these periplasmic glucans are composed of a cyclic beta-1,2-glucan backbone containing 17 to 24 glucose residues.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cell-associated oligosaccharides of Bradyrhizobium spp

et al. 1990

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We report the initial characterization of the cell-associated oligosaccharides produced by four Bradyrhizobium strains: Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum USDA 110, USDA 94, and ATCC 10324 and Bradyrhizobium sp. strain 32H1. The cell-associated oligosaccharides of these strains were found to be composed solely of glucose and were predominantly smaller than the cyclic beta-1,2-glucans produced by Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species. Linkage studies and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses demonstrated that the bradyrhizobial glucans are linked primarily by beta-1,6 and beta-1,3 glycosidic bonds. Thus, the bradyrhizobia appear to synthesize cell-associated oligosaccharides of structural character substantially different from that of the cyclic beta-1,2-glucans produced by Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species.Bacterial genera in the family Rhizobiaceae are distinguished by their ability to infect higher plants. In the case of Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species, this infection process leads to a beneficial symbiotic relationship in which nitrogen-fixing nodules develop on the roots of leguminous plants. Plant infection by Agrobacterium species, however, results in the production of tumors on susceptible plant hosts. The cell surface carbohydrates of all three genera are believed to play important roles in the plant infection process. These cell surface carbohydrates include extracellular polysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, and periplasmic glucans. Recent studies have demonstrated that Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species synthesize neutral and anionic periplasmic glucans of similar structure (2,5,16,17,20,21,23). In both genera, these periplasmic glucans are composed of a cyclic beta-1,2-glucan backbone containing 17 to 24 glucose residues. In Agrobacterium tumefaciens, approximately 50% of the total periplasmic cyclic beta-1,2-glucans are present as neutral, unsubstituted molecules (22). The remaining molecules are substituted with one or more phosphoglycerol moieties (23). In Rhizobium meliloti, as much as 90% of the periplasmic cyclic beta-1,2-glucans may be substituted with anionic moieties (21). As in the cyclic glucans of A. tumefaciens, the predominant anionic substituent present on the cyclic beta-1,2-glucans of R. meliloti 1021 is phosphoglycerol (21).Recently, studies by Nester and co-workers (9, 26) and Geremia and co-workers (11) have provided evidence for a role for cyclic beta-1,2-glucans in the plant infection process. Specifically, cyclic beta-1,2-glucans have been implicated in the attachment of the bacterial cell to the plant host. Although there have been previous reports that at least two strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum are capable of synthesizing neutral beta-1,2-linked glucans (1, 4), very little characterization of the cell-associated oligosaccharides of Bradyrhizobium species has been performed to date. We now report the results of our analyses of the cell-associated oligosaccharides of four Bradyrhizobium strains.(A preliminary report of this work has appeared previ-* Cor...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell-associated oligosaccharides of Bradyrhizobium spp

et al. 1990

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“…In 1979, Sandermann and Dekker 14 ) reported that a particulate fraction of Acetobacter xy-!inum synthesized an alkali-soluble material that was probably (l--+2)-P-D-glucan from UDP-D-[14C]glucose, although this glucan has not been isolated from cultures of Acetobacter. Recently7,8,[10][11][12][13]15,16) the (l--+2)-P-oglucans produced by cultures of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium were shown to have a cyclic structure composed exclusively of P-(1--+2)-linked o-glucosyl residues, and to consist of a mixture of components with different degrees of polymerization (DPs) the distribution patterns of which were characteristic for different strains. The DPs of the cyclic (l--+2)-P-o-glucaI)s produced by Agrobacterium radiobacter IFO 12665bl were distributed between 17 and 24 (mainly 19 to 22), while that of cyclic (l--+2)-P-o-glucan from Rhizobium phaseo!i AHU 1133 was mainly 17 with a minor proportion of molecules of 18 to 20.…”

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Synthesis of (1→2)-β-d-Glucan by Cell-free Extracts ofAgrobacterium radiobacterIFO 12665b 1 andRhizobium phaseoliAHU 1133

Amemura

1984

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry

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“…Brucelld, Rhisobium and Agrobacterium belong to a very close taxonomic group according to their 16s rRNA sequences (Triplett et al, 1994;De Lay, 1987) and individual species of all these genera have been shown to produce cyclic 1,2-P-glucans (Hisamatsu et al, 1983 ;Bundle et al, 1987Bundle et al, , 1988. In Agrobacterium and Rhisobium these glucans are required for virulence and nodule invasion, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteria from both genera synthesize cyclic 1,2-p-glucans (York et al, 1978 ;Zevenhuizen & Neerven, 1983 ;Hisamatsu et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periplasmic cyclic 1,2-β-glucan in Brucella spp. is not osmoregulated

et al. 1997

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Biosynthesis of periplasmic cyclic 1,2-p-glucans in Brucella ovis strain RE01 98 and B. abortus strain Sl9 was found to be carried out by membrane-bound enzymes that use UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) as donor substrate. Contrary to what happens in species of the genera Agrobacterium and Rhizobium, the accumulation of the reaction products in Brucella appeared not to be osmotically regulated. Incubation of permeabilized cells with UDP-[14C]GI~ led to the formation of soluble neutral cyclic 1,2-p-glucans and [14C]glucoselabelled glucoproteins. PAGE of pulse-chase experiments carried out with permeabilized cells showed that the molecular mass of the labelled protein was indistinguishable from Agrobacterium tumefaciens A348 and Rhizobium fredii USDA191 glucoproteins known to be intermediates in the synthesis of cyclic glucans. Brucella total membrane preparations were less efficient than permeabilized cells in the formation of cyclic glucan; this was attributed to defective cyclization. Accumulation of protein intermediates having oligosaccharides of high molecular mass that were not released from the protein was observed after chase with 2 mM UDP-Glc. This defect was not observed when permeabilized cells were used as enzyme preparation, thus suggesting that in Brucella a factor(s) that was lost or inactivated upon the preparation of membranes was required for the effective regulation between elongation and cyclization reactions.

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Structural studies on cyclic (1→2)-β-d-glucans (cyclosophoraoses) produced by Agrobacterium and Rhizobium

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Cell-associated oligosaccharides of Bradyrhizobium spp

Cell-associated oligosaccharides of Bradyrhizobium spp

Synthesis of (1→2)-β-d-Glucan by Cell-free Extracts ofAgrobacterium radiobacterIFO 12665b 1 andRhizobium phaseoliAHU 1133

Periplasmic cyclic 1,2-β-glucan in Brucella spp. is not osmoregulated

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