Structural Polymorphism and C-Banding Pattern in a Few Acridid Grasshoppers

Aswathanarayana, N. V.; Ashwath, S. K.

doi:10.1508/cytologia.71.223

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Based on our dataset, we confirm a high stability of chromosome number in Acrididae with almost three quarters (73.9%) of all records reporting a number of 2n♂ = 23. This is in line with previous findings of White (1973), who suggested that two-thirds of all species have this karyotype, and findings of Aswathanarayana & Ashwath (2006) who even suggested that 90% of Acrididae share this configuration. Our study therefore confirmed the traditional view of Acrididae as a prime example of karyotypic conservatism (White, 1973), but provides a more comprehensive analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Evolution of chromosome number in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acrididae)

et al. 2022

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Orthoptera have some of the largest genomes of all insects. At the same time, the architecture of their genomes remains poorly understood. Comparative cytological data across a wide range of taxa, even for basic parameters such as chromosome number, may provide important insights into the evolution of these genomes and help answer the question of why some species attained such large sizes. We collected and compiled more than 1,000 records of chromosome numbers of 339 genera (13.8% of 2,452 known genera) and 769 species (6.2% of 12,250 known species) of Caelifera, the suborder of Orthoptera that includes those taxa with short antennae. Within the family Acrididae, most of the records come from the subfamilies Oedipodinae (N = 325), Melanoplinae (N = 192) and Gomphocerinae (N = 254). Out of the 621 investigated species of Acrididae, 459 (73.9%) shared a chromosome number of 2n♂ = 23. Chromosome numbers of 2n♂ = 17 (12.2%) and 2n♂ = 21 (9.9%) were less common. The remaining 4.0% of species exhibited different chromosome numbers between 2n♂ = 8 (6 + XY) and 2n♂ = 27. Plotted on a phylogenetic tree, our results confirm that chromosome numbers, especially in the largest grasshopper family Acrididae, are highly conserved with a basic count of 2n♂ = 23 (22 + X0), sometimes reduced to, e.g., 2n♂ = 17 (16 + X0) in some genera of the slant-faced grasshopper subfamily Gomphocerinae. Species with divergent chromosome numbers occur in many of the groups we studied, but are not a systematic trait and have evolved multiple times independently. Our study supports the view that chromosome numbers are much more stable across the investigated Caelifera compared to Ensifera, the second suborder of Orthoptera that includes the long antennae bush crickets and crickets. Our results significantly extend our knowledge on the diversity of this character in Caelifera.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Evolution of chromosome number in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acrididae)

et al. 2022

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“…It has however been shown that chromosome number and structure are not always constant in species. The short-horned grasshoppers (Acrida turrita) are unique in that they display a form of cytogenetic uniformity which is regarded as "karyotypic conservatism" (Aswathanarayana and Ashwath, 2006). The Acrididae family possesses a fixed number of chromosomes in which 2n can either G H be 23 in males that exhibit X0 sex determination mechanism (2n♂ = 23), or 24 in females with XX mechanism (2n♀ = 24) (Efe and Koca, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic and Meiotic Studies Reveal Conservatism in Acrida turrita (Linnaeus 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Lagos, Nigeria

Adekoya

Fakorede

Okoro

et al. 2019

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology

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Grasshoppers are a group of herbivorous insects in the order Orthoptera and suborder Caelifera (Ragge, 1965; Meinzingen, 1993). Globally, there are about 11,000 known species of grasshoppers distributed in six families and several genera. The genus Acrida is one of the most diverse genera in the order (Gupta and Chandra, 2018). Acrida turrita (Family Acrididae or Acridomorphoidea) is a short-horned grasshopper found in many parts of the world, often regarded as giant green slant face grasshopper. The males have a diploid chromosome number of 23, with an X0 constitution (Brown, 1972). Several cytogenetic studies have shown that 23 uniform and conserved acrocentric chromosomes made up of 22 autosomes and an X chromosome are found in the grasshoppers of the family Acrididae and this conservation has been reported

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“…Karyological studies provide important information on the genetic structure, life cycle, and phylogeny of insects (Gokhman and Kuznetsova 2006). Due to great cytogenetic uniformity, the acridids are considered to exemplify karyotype conservatism (Aswathanarayana and Ashwath 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Karyotypic Studies of Six Species of Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

Koli

Gaikwad

Bharmal³

et al. 2013

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Chromosome analysis was performed in six grasshopper species of the family Acrididae, viz., Acrida exaltata (2n=23+XO), Phlaeoba antennata (2n=23+XO), Gastrimargus africanus africanus (2n=23+XO), Parahieroglyphus bilineatus (2n=23+XO), Cyrtacanthacris tatarica (2n=23+XO), and Hieroglyphus banian (2n=23+XO), with X chromosome being the largest in the complement. Detailed karyotypic information regarding chromosome length, total complement length of chromosome set, and relative length were measured using the Micromeasure software.

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Structural Polymorphism and C-Banding Pattern in a Few Acridid Grasshoppers

Abstract: SummaryThe structural polymorphism in the karyotype of the acridid, Gastrimargus africanus orientalis is presented and the C-banding pattern of this species is compared with Acrida turrita and Aiolopus sp. 2 along with the percentage of heterochromatin in each species.

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Evolution of chromosome number in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acrididae)

Evolution of chromosome number in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acrididae)

Cytogenetic and Meiotic Studies Reveal Conservatism in Acrida turrita (Linnaeus 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Lagos, Nigeria

Karyotypic Studies of Six Species of Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

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