Structural, optical, and conducting properties of crystalline ZnO:Co thin films grown by reactive electron beam deposition

Effect of ammonia on morphology, wettability and photoresponse of ZnO nanorods grown by hydrothermal method

“…Thus, The results were a dynamic equilibrium between ZnO formation and dissolution related to OH − ions. Burstein-Moss effect [18,19]. In our case, variation of the ZnO absorption edge may be attributed to the synergy of surface morphology and Burstein-Moss effect.…”

Ferroelectric properties of (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 capacitors employing Al-doped ZnO top electrodes prepared by pulsed laser deposition under different oxygen pressures

“…where D is the crystallite size in nanometers, λ is the wavelength of the radiation (0.15405 nm for Cu Kα 1 ), K is the shape factor (equal to 0.9 for a hexagonal lattice), β is the peak width in radians at half maximum intensity, and θ is the peak position. 33) The calculated average crystallite size of the AZO grains is ca. 20 nm at 2.0, 10, and 20 Pa from the XRD patterns, which corresponds to the crystallite size in Figs.…”

Influence of Al concentration and annealing temperature on structural, optical, and electrical properties of Al co-doped ZnO thin films

“…However, we did not observe remarkable crystallization for Al 9.00 ZnO even after annealing at 500 • C. The extra peaks that can be attributed to deviation from single crystal phase were not observed. In the literature, as a negative effect of annealing process some peaks such as the ones that originate from (1 0 0) and (1 0 1) planes of polycrystalline structured Würtzite ZnO lattice [17,18] or Al 2 O 3 and metallic Al phase characteristic peaks [19] were registered from annealed samples.…”