Structural models of mammalian mitochondrial transcription factor B2

Moustafa, Ibrahim M.; Uchida, Akira; Wang, Yao; Yennawar, Neela H.; Cameron, Craig Ε.

doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.05.010

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Both TFB1M and TFB2M are similar in sequence to a large family of rRNA methyltransferases present in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes (30). TFB1M likely represents the ancestral methyltransferase, whereas TFB2M is the result of a gene duplication that has allowed it to evolve into a mitochondrial transcription factor (33)(34)(35). Interestingly, a similar gene-duplication event may have given rise to the accessory subunit of mtDNA polymerase, which is related to a family of tRNA synthetases (36).…”

Section: Mitochondrial Transcription Factor B2mentioning

confidence: 94%

Maintenance and Expression of Mammalian Mitochondrial DNA

Gustafsson

Falkenberg

Larsson

2016

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

565

509

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Mammalian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 13 proteins that are essential for the function of the oxidative phosphorylation system, which is composed of four respiratory-chain complexes and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Remarkably, the maintenance and expression of mtDNA depend on the mitochondrial import of hundreds of nuclear-encoded proteins that control genome maintenance, replication, transcription, RNA maturation, and mitochondrial translation. The importance of this complex regulatory system is underscored by the identification of numerous mutations of nuclear genes that impair mtDNA maintenance and expression at different levels, causing human mitochondrial diseases with pleiotropic clinical manifestations. The basic scientific understanding of the mechanisms controlling mtDNA function has progressed considerably during the past few years, thanks to advances in biochemistry, genetics, and structural biology. The challenges for the future will be to understand how mtDNA maintenance and expression are regulated and to what extent direct intramitochondrial cross talk between different processes, such as transcription and translation, is important.

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Section: Mitochondrial Transcription Factor B2mentioning

confidence: 94%

Maintenance and Expression of Mammalian Mitochondrial DNA

Gustafsson

Falkenberg

Larsson

2016

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

565

509

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“…While murine TFB2M is capable of activating transcription in the human system, it is about 3 fold less active than its human cognate (91). …”

Section: Components Of the Mitochondrial Transcription Machinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This 396 aa, 45 kDa protein is composed of a putative 19 aa MTS, a priming substrate-interacting domain, a promoter-interacting domain, an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase-like domain, and a POLRMT-interacting domain (Figure 4 and (38, 91)). Interestingly, both the priming substrate interacting and promoter-interacting domains are dispensable for in vitro run-off transcription (38).…”

Section: Components Of the Mitochondrial Transcription Machinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, both the priming substrate interacting and promoter-interacting domains are dispensable for in vitro run-off transcription (38). Despite the presence of the S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase-like domain, TFB2M possesses minimal methyltransferase activity as compared to its homolog, TFB1M, likely due to a combination of suboptimal architecture of the methyltransferase catalytic site combined with an insertion that is predicted to impede access of the nucleic acid substrate to the active site (91–93). …”

Section: Components Of the Mitochondrial Transcription Machinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrial transcription in mammalian cells

Shokolenko

Alexeyev

2017

Front Biosci

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As a consequence of recent discoveries of intimate involvement of mitochondria with key cellular processes, there has been a resurgence of interest in all aspects of mitochondrial biology, including the intricate mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and expression. Despite four decades of research, there remains a lot to be learned about the processes that enable transcription of genetic information from mitochondrial DNA to RNA, as well as their regulation. These processes are vitally important, as evidenced by the lethality of inactivating the central components of mitochondrial transcription machinery. Here, we review the current understanding of mitochondrial transcription and its regulation in mammalian cells. We also discuss key theories in the field and highlight controversial subjects and future directions as we see them.

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“…The reason behind these results is due to tRNA corresponding to the codons CUA, UCA, AGC…..etc., are more abundant, because the translationary machinery tend to use abundant tRNA to produce proteins [49,50]. …”

Section: Estimation Of the Codon Usage Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Evolutionary Distance of Complete Genomes of Mitochondrial DNA between Human and 16 Animals

Ekinci¹

2017

MOJPB

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The mitochondrial DNA of vertebrates generally has same structure and functions, even share same numbers of genes, tRNAs, rRNAs and codon regions with different sequences in a narrow range of genome size. The resource of database was downloaded from the Genbank of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and using a particular computational program to achieve the best results of alignment and statistical calculations to estimate the transition/ transversion in the nucleotide and amino acid substitution, additionally, estimate the evolutionary distance rate between Human versus 16 animals. The results of maximum likelihood method show high rates of substitutions mainly from adenine and thymine to cytosine and guanine (A=>C; A => G; T => C; T => G), respectively. Guanine (G) was the most conserved and stable nucleotide from changes in all over 17 organisms that may be related to the strength of the chemical bonds. The observation of evolutionary distance by the number of substitutions per site between sequences is shown for all three codon positions and non-codon regions. The scores put organisms in groups by comparing the numbers between pairs of sequence within difference and similarity, such as the human, chimpanzee, and gorilla had less distance among them, whilst, a remarkable likelihood between bison and the water buffalo were observed despite the historical and geographical distance between them. Additionally, studying the effect of substitution scores in nucleotide and amino acids on the synonymous/non-synonymous codon substitution in evolutionary distance bias was discussed. Keywords:

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Structural models of mammalian mitochondrial transcription factor B2

Cited by 6 publications

References 67 publications

Maintenance and Expression of Mammalian Mitochondrial DNA

Maintenance and Expression of Mammalian Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial transcription in mammalian cells

Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Evolutionary Distance of Complete Genomes of Mitochondrial DNA between Human and 16 Animals

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