Structural, mechanical, and biocompatibility analyses of a novel dental restorative nanocomposite

Abstract

Structure and biocompatibility are key parameters that determine the usefulness of dental materials for clinical use. Novel polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite material was prepared by chemically binding nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) to the diisocyanate component of the PU backbone by solvent-polymerization. nHA was incorporated into PU by the stepwise addition of monomeric units of the PU. The PU/nHA composite was analyzed by 13 C Nuclear magnetic resonance (structural) and X-ray diffraction (phase analysis). The tensile strength and elastic modulus was evaluated for mechanical properties. These analyses revealed linkage between the hard-and soft-segments are urethane linkage and showed high mechanical properties with increase in content of nHA. To assess biocompatibility osteoblast cells were seeded on to the material and allowed to adhere and proliferate. Osteoblast-like cell growth and proliferation was assessed by MTS assay. It was found that cells adhered and proliferated on these novel substrates. To test bacterial adhesion discs of composite with and without nHA were incubated with standardized suspensions of oral bacterium Streptococcus sanguinis strain NCTC 7863. PU composites with nHA exhibited biocompatibility with respect to mammalian cell growth and showed significantly reduced bacterial adhesion as compared to PU alone.

Synthesis of piroxicam loaded novel electrospun biodegradable nanocomposite scaffolds for periodontal regeneration

“…Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the most widely used biomaterial [27,28]. This has been proven to be an osteoconductive material [29] and binds with enamel and dentine [30,31]. Chitosan/HA/PVA composite is a versatile material which is non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable and finds multiple applications in biomaterials [32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Fabrication, in vitro and in vivo studies of bilayer composite membrane for periodontal guided tissue regeneration

“…The bioactive materials, specifically the BG, promote the cellular processes and improve cell adhesion and proliferation. 27 An increased cell metabolic activity over time with a progressive increase of cell growth and attachment through the porous structure of the PU-BG surface of the membrane was observed. More cell attachment was observed inside the porous structure of the PCL-BG as compared to the surface, which is necessary for the GTR/GBR membrane.…”

Physical, mechanical, and in vitro biological analysis of bioactive fibers‐based dental composite

“…The nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHA) particles allow the highest surface area to volume ratio to ensure the maximum number of atoms available for chemical bonding with adjacent structure and to form a strong interfacial layer 14 . Whereby, nHA‐based experimental dental restorative materials have shown improved bioadhesion, 18 and biocompatibility 19 . However, certain limitations such as low mechanical properties, hydrophilic nature, and increase solubility in oral fluid weaken its case to be used in direct restorative materials 20,21 .…”