Structural investigations on PbO–Sb₂O₃–B₂O₃:CoO glass ceramics by means of spectroscopic and dielectric studies

Abstract

PbO-Sb(2)O(3)-B(2)O(3) glasses mixed with different concentrations of CoO (ranging from 0 to 2.0 mol%) were crystallized. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetric techniques. The x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic studies have revealed the presence of CoSb(2)O(6), Co(2.33)Sb(0.67)O(4), Pb(5)Sb(2)O(8),Pb(3)(SbO(4))(2), PbB(4)O(7) and Co(3)O(4) crystalline phases in these samples. The DSC studies have indicated the spreading of the crystallization from the inside to the surface of the samples as the concentration of the crystallizing agent is increased. The IR and Raman spectroscopic studies have pointed out the existence of conventional BO(3), BO(4), SbO(4) and also Co(III)-O structural units in the glass ceramic samples. These studies have further indicated the decreasing concentration of symmetrical structural vibrational groups with increase in the concentration of CoO. The results of various studies, namely dielectric properties over a range of frequency and temperature, photo-induced birefringence, optical absorption, fluorescence and magnetic susceptibility at room temperature of PbO-Sb(2)O(3)-B(2)O(3):CoO glass ceramics, have also been reported. The variations observed as a function of the concentration of crystallizing agent in all these properties have been analyzed in the light of different oxidation states and environments of cobalt ions in the glass ceramic network.

Spectroscopic and dielectric properties of crystallized PbO–Sb2O3–As2O3:NiO glass system

“…As a result we expect that more degree of disorder in glass ceramics containing Sb 3+ ions rather than in the glass ceramics containing Sb 5+ ions. Sb 5+ ion participates in the glass network with Sb V O 4 structural units as reported earlier [17]. As 2 O 3 is a strong network former with corner sharing AsO 3 pyramidal units [29,30].…”

Influence of WO3 on some physical properties of MO–Sb2O3–B2O3 (M=Ca, Pb and Zn) glass system

“…On the other hand, Sb 5+ O 4 units play a similar structural role to BO 4 units and as a result there is a possibility for the formation of linkages of the type Sb-O-B [22]. However, it may be worth mentioning here that our earlier studies on non-linear optical properties of these glasses have indicated that the presence of Sb 5+ ions is a hindrance for optical poling and for photo induced birefringence [4,5].…”

“…Antimony ions may also exist in Sb 5+ state and participate in the formation of glass network with Sb 5+ O 4 structural units that may cross-link with borate structural units in Sb 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 glass network. Recently we have reported detailed studies on non-linear optical properties of antimony oxide based glasses crystallized with CoO and TiO 2 [4,5]. These studies have yielded quantitative information regarding optical characteristics of these glasses and also have thrown some light on the possible use of these glasses for NLO devices.…”

“…The presence of tungsten in antimony borate glasses, further, makes the glasses suitable for optoelectronic devices since they exhibit photochromism and electrochromism properties [12]. The structural groups of tungsten oxide are expected to alternate with BO 3 , BO 4 and SbO 3 structural groups and are likely to influence the physical properties of antimony borate glasses to a large extent. If we introduce different metal oxides (viz., CaO, PbO and ZnO) between the long chain molecules in the vicinity of tungsten ions in the antimony borate network, then the symmetry and/or covalency of the glass at the W 6+ ions should be different for different modifier oxides.…”

Influence of titanium ions on spectroscopic properties of TeO2‐Sb2O3‐B2O3: TiO2 glass ceramics

“…The photo-inducing 7 ns 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser was incident on the sample at angle about 5-7 degree with respect to the surface normal. The photoinducing UV laser beam and the probing laser beams were temporary synchronized, the other details of these measurements can be found in our earlier reports [16].…”