Structural investigation of MoS<sub>2</sub>core–shell nanoparticles formed by an arc discharge in water

Alexandrou, I.; Sano, Noriaki; Burrows, Andrew; Meyer, Rüdiger R.; Wang, H; Kirkland, Angus I.; Kiely, Christopher J.; Amaratunga, G.A.J.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/14/8/313

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Plasma treatment (400 W) of fullerene-like WS 2 nanoparticles with hollow cage structure (inorganic fullerene-like (IF-WS 2 ) nanoparticles) resulted in a few layers exfoliation and a few small-sized ("daughter") fullerene-like nanoparticles or nanotubes (see Figure 6). The daughter IF-WS 2 nanoparticles are reminiscent of the arc-discharge produced IFMoS 2 nanoparticles [20]. In concluding this large series of experiments, it is possible to state that only plasma irradiation of multiwall WS 2 nanotubes yielded daughter nanotubes in a reproducible fashion.…”

Section: Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…These nanostructures were proposed first in [13,14] and realized in [15,16]. Indeed, MoS 2 nanooctahedra/nanotetrahedra were obtained by rapid quenching of laser- [15][16][17][18] or solar- [19] ablated MoS 2 soot or by an arc-discharge process [20]. It can, therefore, be concluded that highly exergonic reaction conditions and rapid quenching of the nanoclusters can access (meta-) stability windows, which favor new nanotubes that are not reachable by the conventional thermally-driven synthesis at <1000 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The synthesis of inorganic nanotubes (INT) from layered compounds of a small size (<10 nm in diameter) and number of layers (<4) is not a trivial task. Calculations based on density functional tight-binding theory (DFTB) predict that under highly exergonic conditions, the reaction could be driven into a "window" of (meta-) stability, where 1-3-layer nanotubes will be formed. Indeed, in this study, single-to triple-wall WS 2 nanotubes with a diameter of 3-7 nm and a length of 20-100 nm were produced by high-power plasma irradiation of multiwall WS 2 nanotubes. As target materials, plane crystals (2H), quasi spherical nanoparticles (IF) and multiwall, 20-30 layers, WS 2 nanotubes were assessed. Surprisingly, only INT-WS 2 treated by plasma resulted in very small, and of a few layers, "daughter" nanotubules. The daughter nanotubes occur mostly attached to the outer surface of the predecessor, i.e., the multiwall "mother" nanotubes. OPEN ACCESSInorganics 2014, 2 178They appear having either a common growth axis with the multiwall nanotube or tilted by approximately 30° or 60° with respect to its axis. This suggests that the daughter nanotubes are generated by exfoliation along specific crystallographic directions. A growth mechanism for the daughter nanotubes is proposed. High resolution transmission and scanning electron microscopy (HRTEM/HRSEM) analyses revealed the distinctive nanoscale structures and helped elucidating their growth mechanism.

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Section: Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes

et al. 2014

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“…It is now recognized that polyhedral closed-caged NS under certain energetic considerations are thermodynamically more stable than isolated basal sheets of the lamellar structure. 8 These MoS 2 NS have attracted considerable attention recently because of their potential use in microlubrication, 9 oil refinement, 10 photocatalysis, 11 and photodetector applications. 12 On the other hand, MoS 2 has interesting properties in the case of a 2D ultrathin atomic layer structure.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Colloidal 2D/3D MoS₂ Nanostructures by Pulsed Laser Ablation in an Organic Liquid Environment

et al. 2014

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Two-dimensional MoS 2 nanosheets (2D MoS 2 NS) and fullerene-like MoS 2 nanostructures (3D MoS 2 NS) with varying sizes are synthesized by nanosecond laser ablation of hexagonal crystalline 2H-MoS 2 powder in organic solution (methanol). Structural, chemical, and optical properties of MoS 2 NS are characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman and UV−vis−near infrared absorption spectroscopy techniques.Results of the structural analysis show that the obtained MoS 2 NS mainly present a layered morphology from micrometer to nanometer sized surface area. Detailed analysis of the product also proves the existence of inorganic polyhedral fullerene-like 3D MoS 2 NS generated by pulsed laser ablation in methanol. The possible factors which may lead to formation of both 2D and 3D MoS 2 NS in methanol are examined by ab initio calculations and shown to correlate with vacancy formation. The hexagonal crystalline structure of MoS 2 NS was determined by XRD analysis. In Raman spectroscopy, the peaks at 380.33 and 405.79 cm −1 corresponding to the E 1 2g and A 1g phonon modes of MoS 2 were clearly observed. The colloidal MoS 2 NS solution presents broadband absorption edge tailoring from the UV region to the NIR region. Investigations of MoS 2 NS show that the one-step physical process of pulsed laser ablation−bulk MoS 2 powder interaction in organic solution opens doors to the formation of "two scaled" micrometer-and nanometer-sized layered and fullerene-like morphology MoS 2 structures.

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“…Tenne and coworkers were the first to show that fullerene-type nanoparticles or nanopolyhedra and NTs represent an integral part of the phase diagram of MoS 2 and WS 2 [11]. In the following decade, a variety of methods including arc discharge [12,13], sulfurization/selenization of metal oxides [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], chlorides [25,26], carbonyls [27], decomposition of ammonium thiometalates [28][29][30][31], chemical vapor transport [32][33], laser ablation [34][35][36][37], microwave plasma [38,39], atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) [40], or spray pyrolysis [41] were utilized for the synthesis of IF-or NT-like structures of MQ 2 materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Mechanism and Surface Functionalization of Metal Chalcogenides Nanostructures

Tahir

Sahoo

Hoshyargar

et al. 2014

Metal Chalcogenide Nanostructures for Renewable Energy Applications

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Following the discovery of carbon fullerenes and nanotubes (NTs), nanostructured materials and their synthesis have attracted tremendous attention due to their superior mechanical properties, their unique electronic behavior, and their high potential in making technologically advanced nanodevices. Among different classes, layered metal chalcogenides nanostructures are of interest for a variety of applications ranging from nanoelectronics or as source materials for energy applications, nanotribology and in heterogeneous catalysis. These nanoparticles are metastable phases. Therefore, equilibrium methods are necessary to prevent the formation of the thermodynamically stable bulk phase. On the other hand, high energies are needed to "knit" together the folded layers. Several physical techniques such as laser ablation and arch discharge are used for the synthesis of these inorganic NTs and fullerene-like particles. Apart from these high-energy techniques other processes such as oxide-to-sulfide conversion, hydrothermal, solvothermal, or wet chemical synthesis were found to be useful for the synthesis of these particles.In order to benefit from the outstanding properties of nanomaterials, their functionalization is essential, as any application in materials and devices is hindered by difficulties in processing and manipulation. Only the attachment of appropriate chemical functionalities on the nanoparticle surface allows a tailoring of their properties for the respective application. Tailoring of the surface chemical bonds might as well lead to an optimized interaction of the nanoparticles with solvent molecules, polymer matrices, or biomolecules. Therefore, the nanoengineering of

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Structural investigation of MoS₂core–shell nanoparticles formed by an arc discharge in water

Cited by 39 publications

References 23 publications

Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes

Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes

Synthesis of Colloidal 2D/3D MoS₂ Nanostructures by Pulsed Laser Ablation in an Organic Liquid Environment

Growth Mechanism and Surface Functionalization of Metal Chalcogenides Nanostructures

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Structural investigation of MoS2core–shell nanoparticles formed by an arc discharge in water

Cited by 39 publications

References 23 publications

Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes

Single- to Triple-Wall WS2 Nanotubes Obtained by High-Power Plasma Ablation of WS2 Multiwall Nanotubes

Synthesis of Colloidal 2D/3D MoS2 Nanostructures by Pulsed Laser Ablation in an Organic Liquid Environment

Growth Mechanism and Surface Functionalization of Metal Chalcogenides Nanostructures

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Structural investigation of MoS₂core–shell nanoparticles formed by an arc discharge in water

Synthesis of Colloidal 2D/3D MoS₂ Nanostructures by Pulsed Laser Ablation in an Organic Liquid Environment