“…This appears to be the case particularly with stressed plants, which are susceptible to multiple infections by opportunistic pathogens such as P. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola (Lamichhane, 2014). Many complex associations between nematodeepathogen (bacteria, fungi, and virus) disease complexes reported on a variety of crop species suggest the frequent occurrence of complex disease phenomena in the field (Back et al, 2000;Bertrand et al, 2000;Brown et al, 1995;Cao et al, 2006;Schellenberger et al, 2011). Experiments conducted under carefully controlled conditions also confirmed such associations.…”