Structural evolution of Fe80C20 alloy with alloying times

Yoo, Young Joon; Paek, Mun Cheol; Grenèche, Jean‐Marc; Yang, Dong‐Seok; Yu, Seong‐Cho

doi:10.1063/1.1853971

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For the case of bulk Fe-1 wt.% C alloy, they reported that the amount of increased with milling time. Similar results were reported elsewhere [4,12,13,15,52]. Their explanation was that during milling carbon diffused into iron which facilitated the formation of during sintering.…”

Section: The Effect Of Milling Timesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Ghosh et al [11] also reported that the formation of during milling depends on different parameters: (i) lattice imperfections generated during ball milling, (ii) mass fraction contentofCandα-Fe, (iii) ball milling condition such as milling time, charge ratio. This was also supported by several research groups [9,12,13,55].…”

Section: The Effect Of Milling Timesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Several studies show that the milling time is one of the most effective mechanical alloying parameters on accomplishing the desired structure and properties. A number of research groups have used different mill type and ball-to-powder mass ratio to study the influence of milling time on the microstructural evolution, density, and hardness of Fe-C alloys [6,7,9,[11][12][13][14][15][52][53][54] it is summarized here.…”

Section: The Effect Of Milling Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon content is also another parameter that influences the microstructure and the properties of Fe-C alloys [9]. The effects of MA milling time and carbon content on the microstructural evolution and properties of Fe-C alloys have been studied by a number of research groups [5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of this work is on the milling of the powders and their characterizations, including the dissolution of the starting elements in each other, the microstructure and hardness of the particles, and mechanochemical reactions. For example, Yong-Goo Yoo et al [12] studied the effect of alloying time on the structural evolution of mechanically alloyed Fe-C alloys. The MA process was performed in a SPEX mill with stainless steel milling media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Milling Time on the Structure and Properties of Mechanically Alloyed High Carbon Iron-Carbon Alloys

Khalfallah

Aning

2019

Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering

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The effects of mechanical alloying milling time and carbon concentration on microstructural evolution and hardness of high-carbon Fe-C alloys were investigated.Mechanical alloying and powder metallurgy methods were used to prepare the samples. Mixtures of elemental powders of iron and 1.4, 3, and 6.67 wt.% pre-milled graphite were milled in a SPEX mill with tungsten milling media for up to 100h. The milled powders were then coldcompacted and pressure-less sintered between 900°C and 1200°C for 1h and 5h followed by furnace cooling. Milled powders and sintered samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, Mossbauer spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Density and micro-hardness were measured. The milled powders and sintered samples were studied as follows:In the milled powders, the formation of was observed through Mossbauer spectroscopy after 5h of milling and its presence increased with milling time and carbon concentration. The particle size of the milled powders decreased and tended to become more equi-axed after 100h of milling. Micro-hardness of the milled powders drastically increased with milling time as well as carbon concentration. A DSC endothermic peak around 600°C was detected in all milled powders, and its transformation temperature decreased with milling time.In the literature, no explanation was found. In this work, this peak was found to be due to the formation of phase. A DSC exothermic peak around 300°C was observed in powders milled for 5h and longer; its transformation temperature decreased with milling time. This peak was due to the recrystallization and/or recovery α-Fe and growth of .In the sintered samples, almost 100% of pearlitic structure was observed in sintered samples prepared from powders milled for 0.5h. The amount of the pearlite decreased with milling time, contrary to what was found in the literature. The decrease in pearlite occurred at the same time as an increase in graphite-rich areas. With milling, carbon tended to form graphite instead of . Longer milling time facilitated the nucleation of graphite during sintering. High mount of graphite-rich areas were observed in sintered samples prepared from powders milled for 40h and 100h. Nanoparticles of were observed in a ferrite matrix and the graphite-rich areas in samples prepared from powders milled for 40h and 100h. Micro-hardness of the sintered samples decreased with milling time as decreased. The green density of compacted milled powders decreased with milling time and the carbon concentration that affected the density of sintered samples. Abstract The effects of milling time and carbon composition of the alloy on microstructural evolution and hardness of high-carbon Fe-C alloys were investigated. Mixtures of elemental powders of iron and 1.4, 3, and 6.67 wt.% nano graphite were milled, pressed and the sintered between 900°C and 1200°C for 1h and 5h. Milled powders and sintered samples were characterized. Density and hardness were measured. The milled powders...

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Section: The Effect Of Milling Timesupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: The Effect Of Milling Timesupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: The Effect Of Milling Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Effect of Milling Time on the Structure and Properties of Mechanically Alloyed High Carbon Iron-Carbon Alloys

Khalfallah

Aning

2019

Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering

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Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles obtained by different routes

Bystrzejewski

Grabias

Borysiuk

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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Carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles (CEMNPs) are nanomaterials with a core-shell structure. Their intrinsic properties result both from the unique nature of the encapsulated magnetic phases and the high chemical stability of the external carbon shells. CEMNPs may find many prospective applications, e.g., in magnetic data storage, catalysis, xerography, magnetic resonance imaging, and in biomedical applications. Herein, we present detailed structural studies of such nanostructures by Mössbauer spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. CEMNPs have been obtained by three different techniques: carbon arc, combustion synthesis, and radio frequency thermal plasma. The evaluation of the phase composition of the products was strongly limited due to the broadening and overlapping of the lines in XRD diffraction patterns. The presence of the semicrystalline phases, which could not been identified by XRD, was established by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Furthermore, the magnetic core phase composition was evaluated quantitatively. The products were purified before structural analyses to remove the nonencapsulated particles. The purification caused significant changes in the mass and the saturation magnetization. The Mössbauer spectra of the purified products were compared with the literature data concerning the as-produced CEMNPs.

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Understanding the open-circuit voltage of organic photovoltaic devices with donor deposited at different deposition rate

Lee

Huang

et al. 2014

2014 21st International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD)

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This report demonstrated that the open-circuit voltage (V OC ) of organic photovoltaic devices could be altered by changing the deposition rate of donor. The V OC was higher when used a higher deposition rate of donor. Atomic force microscopic image of donor thin film showing the presence of pinholes indicated the strong molecular interaction at the lower deposition rate. These may cause a severe leakage current from acceptor to anode as observed in the dark current. Equivalent circuit model and temperature-dependent dark currents were utilized to realize the effect of reverse saturation current on V OC . The higher barrier height at the donor-acceptor interface was attributed to the improved V OC for the device with higher donor deposition rate.

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Structural evolution of Fe80C20 alloy with alloying times

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Milling Time on the Structure and Properties of Mechanically Alloyed High Carbon Iron-Carbon Alloys

The Effect of Milling Time on the Structure and Properties of Mechanically Alloyed High Carbon Iron-Carbon Alloys

Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles obtained by different routes

Understanding the open-circuit voltage of organic photovoltaic devices with donor deposited at different deposition rate

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