Structural Equation Modeling to Assess Discrimination, Stress, Social Support, and Depression among the Elderly Women in South Korea

Abstract

This study found that social support and discrimination had indirect effects on depression through stress. More specifically, decreased stress led to a reduction of depression. Therefore, social support based on a thorough understanding of stress is very important for caring elderly who are depressive.

Depression among older people in Sri Lanka: With special reference to ethnicity

“…Low economic status, low perceived social support and more than two self‐reported diseases were observed to be depression‐related factors in all ethnic groups. These findings were consistent with the previous studies …”

“…It has been reported that older age, women, those with a low education level, widowed, living in an urban area, low socioeconomic status, unemployment, low social support, poor self‐rated health and physical illness are strongly associated with an increased risk of depression among community‐dwelling older people. In addition, physical disability (activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living and mobility) and cognitive impairment were defined risk factors of depression among community‐dwelling older people.…”

Effect of a Comprehensive Health Care Program on Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, and Depression in Older Adults Living Alone: A Quasi-Experimental Pretest–Posttest Study

“…These individuals experience depression due to loneliness and isolation, which negatively affects their life satisfaction [23]. Lee and Kim [25] show that social support reduces stress, and therefore depression. Zebhauser et al [8] conclude that older adults with a stable social network are less likely to feel depressed or lonely.…”

Influence of social participation on life satisfaction and depression among Chinese elderly: Social support as a mediator

“…On the other hand, social support is negatively correlated with depression. Social support can directly alleviate depression and act as a moderator between stressful events and depression among the elderly (Dickinson, Potter, Hybels, McQuoid, & Steffens, 2011;Lee & Kim, 2016;Mair, Roux, & Morenoff, 2010). For example, Faramarzi, Hosseini, Cumming, Kheirkhah, Parsaei, and Ghasemi (2015) investigated the association between social support and depressive symptoms among 1,612 elderly people older than 60 years of age and found that the levels of social support among respondents without depressive symptoms are higher than those among respondents with depressive symptoms.…”