Effect of a Comprehensive Health Care Program on Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, and Depression in Older Adults Living Alone: A Quasi-Experimental Pretest–Posttest Study

Hwang, Eun Jeong; Sim, In Ok

doi:10.3390/ijerph17010220

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…A previous study [33] reported that, in older adults living alone, participation in productive leisure activities, such as exercise, volunteer work, and travel, had a positive effect on their physical and mental health. Older adults who participated in various programs at senior welfare centers reported that their happiness improved, and depression decreased significantly [34,35]. Similarly, De Koning, Richards, and Stathi [36] found that volunteering, accompanying others, and participating in sports/exercise were associated with lower social isolation in older adults.…”

Section: Association Of Social Activities With Happinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of living arrangements with happiness attributes among older adults

Hwang

Sim

2021

BMC Geriatr

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Background In Korea, along with the rapid aging of the population, older adults’ living arrangements have changed in various ways. In particularly, the happiness of older adults living alone warrants attention because they are more vulnerable to unhappiness than those living with families are. This study reports on the level of happiness among older adults in Korean and examines the potential mediating roles of depressive symptoms, present health status, socio-physical environment, social support networks, and social activities, and happiness in three different living arrangements, older adults living alone, with their spouse, or with their family. Method Data for this study were extracted from the secondary data from the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey, a non-experimental, cross-sectional survey conducted among Korean individuals that were aged 65 and above (n = 14,687). The chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and Logistic regression were used to explore the related factors of happiness among the three groups. Results Findings revealed a significant difference in the happiness index among older adults living alone (6.22 ± 2.11), older adults living with their spouse (6.76 ± 1.99), and older adults living with their family (6.46 ± 1.94) (F = 88.69, p < .001). As the result of logistic regression, older adults living alone (odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57–0.99) and those living with their family (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.65–0.99) demonstrated greater happiness as the frequency of contact with their family increased. Older adults living with their spouse indicated an increase in happiness when their contact with friends was higher (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.56–0.84). Conclusion It was recognized that factors influencing happiness differed according to older adults’ living arrangements, thus suggesting that older adults’ happiness could be facilitated through interventions that consider their circumstances, including living arrangements.

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Section: Association Of Social Activities With Happinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of living arrangements with happiness attributes among older adults

Hwang

Sim

2021

BMC Geriatr

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“…This is because exercise aids the secretion of nitric acid oxide in the body, which dilates blood vessels lowering resistance in the blood vessels causes blood pressure levels to drop accordingly [ 35 ]. Many previous studies have found that activities focusing on exchanging experiences include dietary models, dietary journaling, and home visitation to stimulate the effect on systolic blood pressure levels in the program groups [ 33 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a social support family caregiver training program on changing blood pressure and lipid levels among elderly at risk of hypertension in a northern Thai community

et al. 2021

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Hypertension is becoming increasingly prevalent among the elderly. Family caregivers play an important role in caring for elderly people and empowering them to care for themselves. This study’s goal was to see how social support training for family caregivers affected changes in hypertension, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and how such support led to the prevention of hypertension behaviors among the elderly in rural areas. This was a quasi-experimental study with 268 elderly people at risk of hypertension and their caregivers. Sixty seven pairs of elderly people and their caregivers were assigned to the intervention and control groups. Baseline data were collected in November 2020. The intervention group received the Social Support Family Caregiver Training Program (SSFCTP), while the control group received a regular program from the local health authority. The activity lasted 12 weeks, with home visits and telephone check-ups along the way, and data collection took place after the program ended. The final data were collected three months after the end of the intervention. An analysis of repeated measures ANOVA showed the overall effect of the SSFCTP on knowledge, self-efficacy, health care behaviors, and blood pressure among elderly people during three different time periods (p<0.05). Furthermore, the intervention program had a time-dependent effect on knowledge, blood pressure, and total cholesterol levels (p<0.05). In terms of caregiver outcomes, there was an overall difference among the degrees of knowledge, self-efficacy, and behaviors toward health care displayed by elderly hypertensive patients during the three different time periods (p<0.05). The average knowledge and self-efficacy of the participants improved after the intervention. As a result, better self-care behaviors and lower blood pressure and total cholesterol levels were observed among the elderly participants after the intervention. The programs emphasized the importance of caregivers’ roles in providing social support, boosting confidence, and encouraging participation in caring, monitoring, and assisting the elderly in controlling blood pressure and other health issues.

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“…A previous study [32] reported that, in older adults living alone, participation in productive leisure activities, such as exercise, volunteer work, and travel, had a positive effect on their physical and mental health. Older adults who participated in various programs at senior welfare centers reported that their happiness improved, and depression decreased significantly [33,34]. Similarly, De Koning, Richards, and Stathi [35] found that volunteering, accompanying others, and participating in sports/exercise were associated with lower social isolation in older adults.…”

Section: Association Of Social Activities With Happinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Family Type with Happiness Attributes Among Older Adults

Hwang¹,

Sim²

2020

Preprint

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Background: This study used secondary data from the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey to compare the associations between depressive symptoms, present health status, socio-physical environment, social support networks, and social activities with happiness among older adults from three different family types. Method: The study employed a non-experimental, cross-sectional research design. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and Logistic regression. Results: Findings revealed a significant difference in the happiness index among older adults living alone (6.22±2.11), older adults living with their spouse (6.76±1.99), and older adults living with their family (6.46±1.94) (F = 88.69, p < .001). As the result of logistic regression, older adults living alone (odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57–0.99) and those living with their family (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.65–0.99) demonstrated greater happiness as the frequency of contact with their family increased. Older adults living with their spouse indicated an increase in happiness when their contact with friends was higher (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.56–0.84). Conclusion: It was confirmed that factors influencing happiness differed according to older adults’ family type, thus suggesting that older adults’ happiness could be facilitated through interventions that consider their circumstances, including family type. Keywords: family type; happiness; older adult; social activities; socio-physical environment

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Effect of a Comprehensive Health Care Program on Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, and Depression in Older Adults Living Alone: A Quasi-Experimental Pretest–Posttest Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Association of living arrangements with happiness attributes among older adults

Association of living arrangements with happiness attributes among older adults

Effects of a social support family caregiver training program on changing blood pressure and lipid levels among elderly at risk of hypertension in a northern Thai community

Association of Family Type with Happiness Attributes Among Older Adults

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