Structural dynamics at the berry colour locus in <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. somatic variants

Migliaro, Daniele; Crespan, Manna; Muñoz-Organero, G.; Velasco, Riccardo; Moser, C.; Vezzulli, S.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2017.1157.5

Cited by 17 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Based on the evidence presented, the most suitable way to search for genetic polymorphisms related to intra‐varietal diversity appears to be one of the next generation sequencing approaches, such as genome re‐sequencing, genotyping‐by‐sequencing (Elshire et al ) and restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐SEQ) (Davey and Blaxter ). Because mutations can occur in different meristematic cell layers (L1 and L2), a layer‐specific approach has to be considered as well (Vezzulli et al , Migliaro et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of intra-varietal diversity in biotypes of Aglianico and Muscat of Alexandria (Vitis viniferaL.) cultivars

Lorenzis

Squadrito²,

Rossoni

et al. 2016

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

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Background and Aims: Somatic mutations are the major source of intra-varietal variability in some species such as grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) that are propagated vegetatively. Aglianico and Muscat of Alexandria are two cultivars mostly cultivated in the south of Italy, showing great intra-varietal diversity. The variability of 15 clones of Aglianico belonging to three biotypes, Taburno, Taurasi and Vulture, and 21 clones of Muscat of Alexandria, coming from France, Greece, Italy and Spain, was investigated. Methods and Results: The intra-varietal diversity was investigated by ampelographic and eno-carpological (berry characteristics of oenological interest) methods (nine OIV descriptors, related to bunch and berry morphology, sugar content, total acid content and pH of must), chemical (anthocyanins, aromatic compounds and phenolic substances) and genetic analysis [18 K SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)]. Intra-varietal diversity has been detected in both cultivars, mainly based on differences in the accumulation of secondary metabolites. The Taurasi biotype was discriminated by linear discrimination analysis mainly for the proportion of malvidin-3-O-glucoside acetate and methoxylated anthocyanins, while the Spanish Muscat biotype was discriminated based on the proportion of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids. Conclusions: Ampelography and the concentration of secondary metabolites have proved to be the best tools for the characterisation of the intra-varietal variability of grapevine germplasm. The high-throughput genetic analysis based on 18 K SNP loci did not highlight a polymorphism sufficient to distinguish among biotypes of the same cultivar, suggesting that a different molecular approach has to be adopted. Significance of the Study: This study confirms that intra-varietal diversity is better examined with a multidisciplinary approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of intra-varietal diversity in biotypes of Aglianico and Muscat of Alexandria (Vitis viniferaL.) cultivars

Lorenzis

Squadrito²,

Rossoni

et al. 2016

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

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“…The simultaneous occurrence of different types of mutations in these genes is responsible for the un‐pigmented phenotype of most white‐skinned cultivars. These mutations have been largely assessed in different genotypes and somatic variants (Lijavetzky et al ., ; Migliaro et al ., ), and can be grouped as follows: (i) inactivation of MYBA1 through the insertion of the Gret1 retrotransposon in its promoter/5′ untranslated region (5′‐UTR) (Kobayashi et al ., , ); (ii) non‐synonymous single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the MYBA2 coding region (Walker et al ., ); or (iii) a large deletion removing both MYBA1 and MYBA2 from the berry color locus (Walker et al ., ; Yakushiji et al ., ). Other less frequent genetic alterations may result in a mild loss of pigmentation (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A group of grapevine MYBA transcription factors located in chromosome 14 control anthocyanin synthesis in vegetative organs with different specificities compared with the berry color locus

et al. 2017

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Grapevine organs accumulate anthocyanins in a cultivar-specific and environmentally induced manner. The MYBA1-A2 genes within the berry color locus represent the major genetic determinants of fruit color. The simultaneous occurrence of transposon insertions and point mutations in these genes is responsible for most white-skinned phenotypes. However, red pigmentation found in vegetative organs suggests the presence of additional regulators. This work describes a genomic region of chromosome 14 containing three closely related R2R3-MYB genes, named MYBA5, MYBA6 and

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“…Functional VviMybA1 and VviMybA2 genes are essential for grape pigmentation, whereas the presence of a Gret1 retrotransposon insertion in the promoter of VviMybA1 along with a small INDEL causing a frame shift in VviMybA2 are responsible for a null allele of the grape color locus that is frequently in homozygosis in white berry cultivars (Kobayashi et al, 2004;Lijavetzky et al, 2006;This et al, 2007;Walker et al, 2007). Black berry cultivars heterozygous for the null allele occasionally display grape color variants with either red/gray or white berries depending on whether only the L2 or both L1 and L2 meristem cell layers, respectively, carry mutations at the color locus (Walker et al, 2006;Furiya et al, 2009;Vezzulli et al, 2012;Migliaro et al, 2014;Pelsy et al, 2015). Initial characterization of red/gray and white berry somatic variants of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir using Southern blots showed that the absence of anthocyanins in the berry was related to deletion of the functional allele of the color locus (Walker et al, 2006;Yakushiji et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Catastrophic Unbalanced Genome Rearrangements Cause Somatic Loss of Berry Color in Grapevine

et al. 2017

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Grape () color somatic variants that can be used to develop new grapevine cultivars occasionally appear associated with deletion events of uncertain origin. To understand the mutational mechanisms generating somatic structural variation in grapevine, we compared the Tempranillo Blanco (TB) white berry somatic variant with its black berry ancestor, Tempranillo Tinto. Whole-genome sequencing uncovered a catastrophic genome rearrangement in TB that caused the hemizygous deletion of 313 genes, including the loss of the functional copy for the transcription factors required for anthocyanin pigmentation in the berry skin. Loss of heterozygosity and decreased copy number delimited interspersed monosomic and disomic regions in the right arm of linkage groups 2 and 5. At least 11 validated clustered breakpoints involving intrachromosomal and interchromosomal translocations between three linkage groups flanked the deleted fragments, which, according to segregation analyses, are phased in a single copy of each of the affected chromosomes. These hallmarks, along with the lack of homology between breakpoint joins and the randomness of the order and orientation of the rearranged fragments, are all consistent with a chromothripsis-like pattern generated after chromosome breakage and illegitimate rejoining. This unbalanced genome reshuffling has additional consequences in reproductive development. In TB, lack of sexual transmission of rearranged chromosomes associates with low gamete viability, which compromises fruit set and decreases fruit production. Our findings show that catastrophic genome rearrangements arise spontaneously and stabilize during plant somatic growth. These dramatic rearrangements generate new interesting phenotypes that can be selected for the improvement of vegetatively propagated plant species.

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Structural dynamics at the berry colour locus in Vitis vinifera L. somatic variants

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Study of intra-varietal diversity in biotypes of Aglianico and Muscat of Alexandria (Vitis viniferaL.) cultivars

Study of intra-varietal diversity in biotypes of Aglianico and Muscat of Alexandria (Vitis viniferaL.) cultivars

A group of grapevine MYBA transcription factors located in chromosome 14 control anthocyanin synthesis in vegetative organs with different specificities compared with the berry color locus

Catastrophic Unbalanced Genome Rearrangements Cause Somatic Loss of Berry Color in Grapevine

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