Structural characterization of blends containing both PVDF and natural rubber latex

Abstract

Films containing different volumes of latex of natural rubber (NR) in a fixed mass of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) powder were fabricated by compressing under annealing a mixture of both materials without using any solvent. This is an important issue keeping in mind that these films have to be used in the future as biomaterials in different applications once the solvents that are used to dissolve the PVDF become toxic to human. The films with different percentage of latex in PVDF were characterized using microRaman scattering and Fourier transform infrared absorption (FTIR) spectroscopies, thermomechanical techniques using thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamical-mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the latex of NR and PVDF do not interact chemically, leading to the formation of a polymeric blend with high thermal stability and mechanical properties suitable for applications involving bone (prostheses, for instance). Besides, the results recorded using the micro-Raman technique revealed that for a fixed amount of PVDF the higher the amount of latex in the blend, the better the miscibility between both materials.

Tailoring the structural properties of PVDF and P(VDF‐TrFE) by using natural polymers as additives

“…Table 1 presents the amount of each material used and their mass % in relation to the blend total mass. In the case of NR, the % is calculated taking into account that the latex used contains about 40% in mass of NR (called dry rubber as well) determined by Thermogravimetry (TG) [21].…”

“…Figure 7 presents the X-ray diffraction for the neat polymers and their blends containing starch, besides the starch powder itself. It can be seen that the PVDF is in the a phase, P(VDF-TrFE) in the ferroelectric phase [21,27] in agreement with FTIR results, and the starch diffractograms is characteristic of its polymorphic phase [29]. In terms of the blends, it can be observed that the diffractograms are almost identical to those of the neat polymers indicating that the crystalline phase for both polymers is not modified by the blend fabrication processes being in agreement with the results obtained through FTIR and SEM.…”

“…The thermogravimetry (TG) measurements show a good thermal stability for PVDF, P(VDF-TrFE), starch, NR, and the respective blends as well [13,21]. The thermal degradation due to annealing process under noncontrolled atmosphere starts at about 4508C for both PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) films, at 3008C for starch and at 2008C for NR.…”

Recent Advances in linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy I

“…A variety of special vibrational studies were reported; synthesis and FT Raman spectroscopic study of diene-terminated polystyrene oligomers, 203 spectroscopic identification of alizarin in a mixture of organic red dyes by incorporation in Zr-Ormosil, 204 structural characterization of blends containing both PVDF and natural rubber latex, 205 Raman spectroscopy of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-acrylamide copolymer using gamma irradiation for cross-linking, 206 studies of dopant effects in poly(3,4-ethylenedi-oxythiophene) using Raman spectroscopy, 207 a forensic analysis of automotive paints by Raman spectroscopy, 208 a micro-Raman analysis of paint evidence in criminalistics, 209 and a quantitative diagnostics of a methane/air miniflame by Raman spectroscopy. 210 …”

Structure and Properties of Dynamically Cured Thermoplastic Vulcanizate Based on Poly(vinylidene fluoride), Silicone Rubber, and Fluororubber

“…As one of the special functional fluoroplastic, considerable efforts have been directed to the study of Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) due to excellent properties, including high mechanical strength, good thermal stability and resistance to high temperatures, as well as excellent resistance against corrosive chemicals [23][24][25][26][27] . In our previous work, we prepared PVDF/SR/FKM blends in PVDF-rich.…”