Structural characterization and determination of biological activities for different polysaccharides extracted from tree mushroom species

Abstract

Chemical composition and structural characterization of polysaccharides of Fomes fomentarius (FF), Fuscoporia torulosa, Ganoderma adspersum, Ganoderma applanatum (GAP), Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus igniarius, Pleurotus ostreatus (PO), and Porodaedalea pini (PP) tree mushrooms with antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities were determined in this research. Total carbohydrate contents of the polysaccharides were ranged between 65.06 ± 6.76 and 88.27 ± 5.15 µg/mg and total protein contents were ranged between 3.18 ± 0.72 and 6.56 ± 1.25 µg/mg. Galactose, glucose, and mannose were identified as major monosaccharides in all polysaccharides using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. FT‐IR analysis showed the characteristic peaks of the polysaccharides and high performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detection was used to determine the molecular weight of the polysaccharides. In β‐carotene–linoleic acid assay FF (IC50: 2.55 ± 0.40 µg/ml) displayed the highest antioxidant activity, whereas GAP indicated the highest antioxidant activity in cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (A0.50:59.90 ± 0.53 μg/ml), ABTS•+ (IC50: 16.62 ± 0.31 μg/ml), and DPPH• (IC50: 45.58 ± 0.21 μg/ml) assays. In cholinesterase inhibitory activity test, PO (56.31±0.0.74%) showed significant inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase enzyme. Practical applications Polysaccharides from mushrooms are the major class of bioactive compounds with various biological activities. Several studies were performed on the biological activity of the polysaccharide extracts from different mushrooms. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report on the chemical composition, structural characterization, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of extracted polysaccharides from studied mushrooms in detail. This investigation shows that polysaccharide extracts obtained from tree mushrooms show a significant bioactivity and these polysaccharides might be used as bioactive natural sources in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.

Structural characteristics and immunostimulatory activity of sea cucumber tendon polysaccharides in cyclophosphamide-induced Balb/c mice

“…The three peaks at 1154 cm −1 , 1080 cm −1 and 1023 cm −1 suggest stretching vibrations of the pyranose ring. 35…”

“…The three peaks at 1154 cm −1 , 1080 cm −1 and 1023 cm −1 suggest stretching vibrations of the pyranose ring. 35 In addition, the absorbance bands at 845 cm −1 are proposed to represent α-glycosidic bonds. 36 The S-O stretching vibration at 575 cm −1 indicates the presence of a sulfate group, which was proved by sulfate content analysis.…”

Determination of biological activity of suillus granulatus mushroom extracts

“…The content of total carbohydrates in the analyzed extracts was higher in aqueous extracts compared to ethanolic extracts (Table 1), which was probably due to the fact that carbohydrates are generally water-soluble compounds [18]. Moreover, aqueous extract from Suillus granulatus were characterized with statistically significant (p < 0.05) higher content of total, α and β-glucans compared to its ethanolic extracts.…”

THE ROLE OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCED BY Pleurotus Sapidus AS MEDICAL AGENT

“…It is one of most extensively studied white-rot fungi due to its exceptional ligninolytic properties (Hao et al, 2017& Bellettini et al, 2016. Pleurotus, Flammulina, Ganoderma, Grifola, Trametes, Lentinus, Auricularia, Hericium, Schizophyllum, Tremella and Phellinus species are considered to be medically important mushrooms with essential bioactive properties (Deveci et al, 2019).…”