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Aspergillus fumigatus is associated with invasive disease aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. The major aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical and immunological responses of male Wistar rats against A. fumigatus experimentally-induced pulmonary fungal infection. Nostril experimental exposure of male Wistar rats to a high dose of A. fumigatus freeze-dried preparation for only 24 hr resulted in a significant increase in levels of catalase, nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in lung homogenates, compared to those of the control animals. However, the oxidative status of the lungs of rats challenged with killed fungus did not change significantly, except for the stimulation in the level of lipid peroxide. IgG level was significantly elevated only in rats that received two low doses of fungus, compared to unexposed animals (p<0.005). Examining the lung of rats exposed to A. fumigatus revealed no abnormal changes, except for pus in bronchial lumen spaces and per bronchial inflammation. Histologically, large numbers of granuloma cells were evident in the lungs of challenged rats, while no granuloma formation was evident in the lungs of rats exposed to killed fungus.

The potential of Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium lanosum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus fumigatus and Ganoderma resinaceum to effect the biodegradation of five reactive textile dyes, namely Blue 21, Orange 16, Yellow 160, Blue 16 and Black 5, was evaluated. Preliminary experiments tested the decolorization ability of the tested fungi in three different media at a dye concentration of 0.02%. It was found that F. oxysporum, P. lanosum and G. resinaceum had high efficiency for decolorization of Blue 21. In the case of P. lanosum and F. oxysporum, decolorization was achieved in a basal Czapeks medium containing 0.01% reactive Blue 21 and supplemented with 3% glucose and 0.3% sodium nitrate after 5 days at pH 4.5 at 30°C. However, with G. resinaceum, optimum dye decolorization was achieved after 7 days incubation at 30°C and pH 5. Dye accumulation in the tested mycelia and changes in the outer surface of the cell wall of three studied fungi were observed. In addition, the structural integrity of Reactive Blue 21 dye untreated and treated with the tested fungi was studied by IR analysis.

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A LLERGIC bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and invasive aspergillosis are often found in severely immuno-suppressed patients and are characterized by invasion of conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus into blood vessels which can result in dissemination to other organs. Aspergilloma is a fungal ball that develops in previous cavity lung lesions. Essential oils have been used as antifungal agents. Inhalation of vapors of the essential oils kill invaders attached to the inner respiratory lining and work synergistically with the body defenses. In this study, (Ginger) and Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor) with inhibition zones ranging from 11to 31mm. Treatment of A. fumigatus with cinnamon essential oil leads to external changes, irregular cell shape and disintegration of fungus cell wall as detected under transmission electron microscope and then make analysis by GC-MS.