Structural changes in Polish industry after 1989

Abstract

It has been 25 years since the beginning of the economic transformation in Poland and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, associated with the change of the centrally controlled system over economy towards an economy based on market rules. Those changes, taking place in the conditions of globalisation of the world economy and European integration, and in recent years also the global recession, affect previously developed socio-economic structures, including the structures of industry. The aim of the article is to present changes in the role of industry in the economy of Poland, transformation of the ownership, branch and spatial structure of the industry of Poland and its diversification in regional and supra-regional systems as well as to attempt to answer the question of how the processes of industrial restructuring, undertaken during the years of economic transformation, contributed to its adaptation to the conditions of the market economy and improvement of its competitive position in global and European levels, including the possibility of integration into the global industrial networks.

Research Topics of Geography of Enterprise and Decision-Control Functions in Poland against Global Trends

“…It resulted in a natural transfer of the interest in the entire economic geography to the role of spatial transformations and shifts. T. Rachwał (2008Rachwał ( , 2015 notes that geography of industry is dominated by the issue of broadly understood restructuring of spatial arrangements in various territorial scales (local, regional, national, global, etc. ).…”

The Temporal and Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Three Industry Convergence Development in Deeply Impoverished Areas in China

“…As for the research contents, scholars main delve into industrial integration development motivation [27][28][29], mechanism [30,31], and path [26,32]. In terms of measurement methods, it mainly includes the fusion coefficient method [18], DEA [33], Herfindahl index method [34], input-output method [35], comprehensive index method [24] and other methods. It is found that industrial integration can encourage the development of traditional industries, and the optimization, upgrading, and adjustment of industrial structure.…”

“…The related literature on the spatial distribution and evolution of industrial convergence is mainly concentrated in the EU or Central Europe [35][36][37][38][39]. Based on the results of other studies, this paper, by means of the entropy and spatial autocorrelation analysis method, makes an objective measurement of the development level and trend of three industrial integration in China's 169 deep-poverty counties, and analyzed the time and space distribution characteristics and the dynamic change trend, so as to provide the relevant theoretical basis for poverty alleviation in China (the method and the related measures as shown in Table 1).…”

Chief Development Tendencies, Structural Changes and Innovativeness of the Industrial and Service Sectors in Poland

“…It was only political, social and economic changes initiated in Poland in 1989 that provided a basis for a more dynamic development of this sector. Thus, the 1990s were characterised by a rapid increase in employment in services accompanied by a drop in industrial employment and big changes in the structure of manufacturing connected with the breaking of production links with the former states of the socalled Eastern bloc (Rachwał 2011(Rachwał , 2015. The later period was one of a relative stabilisation of the structure of the national economy and changes in the structure and organisation of both, service and industrial activity.…”