Structural basis of the antifungal activity of wheat PR4 proteins

Bertini, Laura; Caporale, Carlo; Testa, Marco; Proietti, Sara; Caruso, Carla

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.07.045

Cited by 65 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Additionally, we selected different plant defense genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins, which are known to play a role in the defense against infection with F. graminearum, namely, the pathogenesis-related proteins PR1 (Makandar et al, 2012), PR2, b-1,3-glucanase (Gao et al, 2013), PR4, shown to possess antifungal properties against Fusarium spp. (Bertini et al, 2009), and PR5 (thaumatinlike protein; Gao et al, 2013). As F. graminearum is known to interfere with the redox state of plant cells through the action of the mycotoxin DON, we also analyzed the expression of PEROXIDASE (PEROX) and NADPH OXIDASE (NADPHox; Desmond et al, 2008).…”

Section: Gene Expression Of Preexposed Seedlings After Treatment Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming of Wheat with the Green Leaf Volatile Z-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Defense against Fusarium graminearum But Boosts Deoxynivalenol Production

Ameye

Audenaert²,

Zutter³

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

120

117

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Priming refers to a mechanism whereby plants are sensitized to respond faster and/or more strongly to future pathogen attack. Here, we demonstrate that preexposure to the green leaf volatile Z-3-hexenyl acetate (Z-3-HAC) primed wheat (Triticum aestivum) for enhanced defense against subsequent infection with the hemibiotrophic fungus Fusarium graminearum. Bioassays showed that, after priming with Z-3-HAC, wheat ears accumulated up to 40% fewer necrotic spikelets. Furthermore, leaves of seedlings showed significantly smaller necrotic lesions compared with nonprimed plants, coinciding with strongly reduced fungal growth in planta. Additionally, we found that F. graminearum produced more deoxynivalenol, a mycotoxin, in the primed treatment. Expression analysis of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis genes and exogenous methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate applications showed that plant defense against F. graminearum is sequentially regulated by SA and JA during the early and later stages of infection, respectively. Interestingly, analysis of the effect of Z-3-HAC pretreatment on SA-and JA-responsive gene expression in hormone-treated and pathogen-inoculated seedlings revealed that Z-3-HAC boosts JA-dependent defenses during the necrotrophic infection stage of F. graminearum but suppresses SA-regulated defense during its biotrophic phase. Together, these findings highlight the importance of temporally separated hormone changes in molding plant health and disease and support a scenario whereby the green leaf volatile Z-3-HAC protects wheat against Fusarium head blight by priming for enhanced JA-dependent defenses during the necrotrophic stages of infection.

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Section: Gene Expression Of Preexposed Seedlings After Treatment Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming of Wheat with the Green Leaf Volatile Z-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Defense against Fusarium graminearum But Boosts Deoxynivalenol Production

Ameye

Audenaert²,

Zutter³

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

120

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The in vitro antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi has been demonstrated for some plant PR4 proteins (Zhu et al 2006;Mukherjee et al 2010). Recombinant Wheatwin1, a wheat PR protein of class 4, exhibits antifungal activity against Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum, and B. cinerea (Caruso et al 2001;Bertini et al 2009). Purified OsPR4b and Lycoris radiata LrPR4 have antifungal activity against R. solani (Zhu et al 2006) and M. oryzae ), respectively.…”

Section: Identification and Molecular Functions Of The Pepper Pathogementioning

confidence: 99%

“…CaPR4b has strong antifungal activity against fungal pathogens. Plant PR4 proteins such as wheatwin1 (Bertini et al 2009) and OsPR4b (Zhu et al 2006) have in vitro antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. CaLRR1 also binds both CaPR4b and CaHIR1 at the plasma membrane and suppresses CaPR4b-or CaHIR1-triggered pepper cell death from the apoplastic space ( Fig.…”

Section: Pepper Hypersensitive-induced Reaction Protein (Cahir1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional roles of the pepper leucine-rich repeat protein and its interactions with pathogenesis-related and hypersensitive-induced proteins in plant cell death and immunity

Hong

Hwang

2017

Planta

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Main conclusion Pepper leucine-rich repeat protein (CaLRR1) interacts with defense response proteins to regulate plant cell death and immunity. This review highlights the current understanding of the molecular functions of CaLRR1 and its interactor proteins.Plant cell death and immune responses to microbial pathogens are controlled by complex and tightly regulated molecular signaling networks. Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv)-inducible pepper (Capsicum annuum) leucine-rich repeat protein 1 (CaLRR1) serves as a molecular marker for plant cell death and immunity signaling. In this review, we discuss recent advances in elucidating the functional roles of CaLRR1 and its interacting plant proteins, and understanding how they are involved in the cell death and defense responses. CaLRR1 physically interacts with pepper pathogenesis-related proteins (CaPR10 and CaPR4b) and hypersensitive-induced reaction protein (CaHIR1) to regulate plant cell death and defense responses.

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“…36 PR4 proteins show antifungal activity against several phytopathogenic fungi and have been demonstrated to possess ribonucleasic activity correlated to their antifungal capacity. 37,38 PR5 encodes a thaumatin-like protein which exhibits antifungal activity against snow mold and Microdochium nivale. In shoots, PR5 (WAS-3a) was induced by 2.1-fold at 72 h post MeJA treatment ( Fig.2; Supplementary Fig.S1(f)).…”

Section: Pathogenesis-related Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, sequences were quality filtered and dereplicated using the QIIME script split_libraries.py with the homopolymer filter deactivated 38 , checked for chimeras against the GreenGenes database (October 2013 release) using UCHIME ver.…”

Section: Processing Of Sequence Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of strategic tillage and plant hormone treatments on wheat-associated microbial communities

Liu¹

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The main aim of this thesis was to characterise microbial properties of microbiomes associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum) soils and wheat plants. In particular my objective was to better understand the effects on microbial communities following strategic tillage (ST) in wheat field soils and the activation of plant defence pathways in wheat plants. Throughout the thesis, multiple culture-independent methods, especially next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA gene were used to profile soil microbial communities. Over half of the arable land in the northern grains region of Australia is managed using no-till (NT), a farming method which has improved crop yields and soil quality while reducing the input and labour costs. However, in recent years, concerns have arisen among farmers over the weed control in continuous NT systems. Strategic tillage has been touted as a potential solution, in particular for the severe weed infestations of long-term NT. Nevertheless, there is little information on the influence of ST on the microbial properties of Australian NT soils.In the present study, ST applications and soil sampling were performed in Moonie, Moree and Condamine during the fallow period in eastern Australia. These sites were chosen based on their long history of repeated wheat cultivation under NT farming practices and their different soil types.Overall, results show that in the Moonie trial on a Calcisol, one-time ST with either chisel or offset disc did not significantly influence the composition of soil bacterial communities when measured 13 months after tillage. However, relative to the NT, chisel tillage led to significant increases in microbial biomass carbon (MBC), abundances of Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes as well as the utilisation of D+cellubiose and mannitol at 0-10 cm depth. In the Moree trial on a grey Vertosol, ST with different timing and implement demonstrated great potential in weed control and did not influence wheat yield and soil physicochemical and biological properties in the short-term. In the Condamine site on a Solonetz soil, one-or two-time chisel tillage did not influence soil MBC, total microbial enzymatic activity (MEA) or utilisation of C substrates.Likewise, ST did not change the soil microbial community structure and the abundance of genes encoding enzymes involved in key steps of C and N reactions. However, one-time chisel increased relative abundance of Acidobacteria RB41 and Acidobacteria iii1-15, and two-time chisel slightly increased the average C utilisation, at 10-20 cm depth. Overall, this thesis suggests that ST does not cause major impacts on soil properties of long-term NT and could be potentially used to address the long-term NT-associated issues without impacting overall soil properties.Recent reports demonstrate the importance of microbiomes associated with plants and their soil they are cultivated in. Beneficial microbes can significantly increase crop yields and provide biocontrol functions against plant pathogens, but prior to this stu...

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Structural basis of the antifungal activity of wheat PR4 proteins

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Priming of Wheat with the Green Leaf Volatile Z-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Defense against Fusarium graminearum But Boosts Deoxynivalenol Production

Priming of Wheat with the Green Leaf Volatile Z-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Defense against Fusarium graminearum But Boosts Deoxynivalenol Production

Functional roles of the pepper leucine-rich repeat protein and its interactions with pathogenesis-related and hypersensitive-induced proteins in plant cell death and immunity

Effects of strategic tillage and plant hormone treatments on wheat-associated microbial communities

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