Here we study the effect of Ca doping on the charge-transfer mechanism of polycrystalline YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ compound. The samples of composition Y 1−x Ca x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30) are synthesized through standard solid-state reaction route. Carrier doping is controlled by annealing of samples in oxygen and subsequently in reducing atmosphere. Samples are investigated using resistivity, dc magnetization (M-T ) and magnetization with field (M-H ) measurements. With increase of Ca the transition temperature (T c ) decreases in oxygenated samples, whereas the same increases in reduced samples. Further reduction of samples at higher temperatures (>600°C) though results in non-superconducting nature up to Ca concentration of x = 0.20, the x = 0.30 sample is superconducting below 30 K. This provides a remarkably simple and effective way to study the relationship between structure, superconductivity, and associated electronic properties. Variation in Cu 1 -O 4 , Cu 2 -O 4 and Cu 2 -O 2 bond lengths with oxygen content, is seen through the structural refinement of XRD pattern. The effective coordination of Cu 2 atom with oxygen changes with the change in these bond lengths and hence the holes in the CuO 2 planes. The charge-transfer mechanism from CuO x chains to CuO 2 planes and thus effective hole doping is discussed in the context of the results observed.