“…This is in accordance with the conclusions made for the Cu(Ba,Sr) (Yb,Ca)Cu O >X system based on neutron diffraction results (19), showing that incorporation of oxygen into the CuO X chain results in a shift of O(4) toward the CuO plane (route I) and Ba/Sr away from the in-plane O(2, 3) atoms (route II) as the oxidation proceeds. Substitution of trivalent Yb by divalent Ca in the Cu(Ba,Sr) (Yb,Ca) Cu O >X system was shown to increase the concentration of holes in the CuO plane by lengthening the e!ective (Yb,Ca)}O(2,3) bond length according to route III (19). In the PC analysis the e!ects of Ca(II)-for-RE(III) substitution at the Q site are explained mainly by the parameter V(Q), which is the average valence of the Q cation.…”