Structural and phylogenetic analysis of a novel ζ‐carotene desaturase from <i>Dunaliella bardawil</i>, a unicellular alga that accumulates large amounts of β‐carotene

Ye, Zhi‐Wei; Liu, Guannan; Jiang, Jianguo

doi:10.4319/lo.2011.56.1.0133

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…bardawil to accumulate very large amounts of β-carotene under defined experimental conditions makes it an excellent choice for studying the intermediates of carotenoids. PSY and ZDS from D. bardawil and PDS from Dunaliella salina have been isolated and characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Functional Identification of a Gene Encoding Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase from Dunaliella bardawil

Liang

Jin

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPS) catalyzes the biosynthesis of geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a key precursor for carotenoid biosynthesis. In this study, a full-length cDNA encoding GGPS from Dunaliella bardawil (DbGGPS) was isolated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) for the first time. The full-length cDNA of DbGGPS was 1814 bp, containing a 1074 bp ORF encoding 357 amino acids with a calculated mass of 38.88 kDa. Analysis of DbGGPS genomic DNA revealed that it contained 10 exons and 9 introns. It was predicted that DbGGPS possessed a 48 amino acid transit peptide at its N terminus. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that DbGGPS was a member of a group of polyprenyltransferases with five conserved domains and two highly conserved aspartate-rich motifs. Using heterologous expression, carotenoid complementation assay, and gene deletion analysis, it was shown that the coding region of DbGGPS encodes a functional GGPS. This provides new gene sources for carotenoid genetic engineering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Functional Identification of a Gene Encoding Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase from Dunaliella bardawil

Liang

Jin

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…At present, available information about ZDS in D. salina and D. bardawil is from our previous work, which is solely restricted to sequence characteristics (Ye and Jiang, 2010;Ye et al, 2011). Further knowledge on its regulation mechanisms for massive accumulation of b-carotene in response to salt stress remains to be discovered.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hypoosmotic Expression of Dunaliella bardawil ζ-Carotene Desaturase Is Attributed to a Hypoosmolarity-Responsive Element Different from Other Key Carotenogenic Genes

Lao

Xiao

et al. 2014

Plant Physiology

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Some key carotenogenic genes (crts) in Dunaliella bardawil are regulated in response to salt stress partly due to salt-inducible cisacting elements in their promoters. Thus, we isolated and compared the z-carotene desaturase (Dbzds) promoter with other crts promoters including phytoene synthase (Dbpsy), phytoene desaturase (Dbpds), and lycopene b-cyclase1 (DblycB1) to identify salt-inducible element(s) in the Dbzds promoter. In silico analysis of the Dbzds promoter found several potential cis-acting elements, such as abscisic acid response element-like sequence, myelocytomatosis oncogene1 recognition motif, AGC box, anaerobic motif2, and activation sequence factor1 binding site. Remarkably, instead of salt-inducible elements, we found a unique regulatory sequence architecture in the Dbzds promoter: a hypoosmolarity-responsive element (HRE) candidate followed by a potential hypoosmolarity-inducible factor GBF5 binding site. Deletion experiments demonstrated that only HRE, but not the GBF5 binding site, is responsible for hypoosmotic expression of the fusion of Zeocin resistance gene (ble) to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) chimeric gene under salt stress. Dbzds transcripts were in accordance with those of ble-egfp driven by the wild-type Dbzds promoter. Consequently, Dbzds is hypoosmotically regulated by its promoter, and HRE is responsible for this hypoosmotic response. Finally, the hypoosmolarity mechanism of Dbzds was studied by comparing transcript profiles and regulatory elements of Dbzds with those of Dbpsy, Dbpds, DblycB1, and DblycB2, revealing that different induction characteristics of crts may correlate with regulatory sequence architecture.Carotenoids are a structurally diverse class of isoprenoids synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and many nonphotosynthetic organisms, such as certain species of bacteria, fungi, and archaea (Goodwin, 1980). They possess many advantageous properties for the human body on account of their vitamin A activity as essential nutrients (Farré et al., 2010), prevention and treatment functions against several kinds of diseases as health care products (Michaud et al., 2000;Landrum and Bone, 2001;Shaish et al., 2006), as well as industrial agents as colorants, forages, and cosmetics (SchmidtDannert, 2000). Therefore, the investigation of biosynthetic mechanisms and commercial exploitation of carotenoids have gained increasing attraction in many laboratories and companies. Recently, at least 700 carotenoids have been characterized from natural carotenoid biosynthetic pathways (Feltl et al., 2005).Some carotenogenic microorganisms have been commercially employed to produce important carotenoids (Johnson et al., 1995;Raja et al., 2007). Among these microorganisms, the Dunaliella genus, especially Dunaliella salina and Dunaliella bardawil, has been researched extensively and exploited as a natural source of carotenoids due to its striking ability to accumulate carotenoids under certain circumstances (Amotz et al., 1982), including high light intensity, high sa...

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“…The 954 bp putative ORF encoding partial β-carotene hydroxylase (ChyB), displayed 70% and 56% similarities with those of D. salina and C. reinhardtii , respectively. Previously in our research group, genes such as GGPS, PSY, PDS, ZDS and LycB have been isolated from D. bardawil FACHB-847 3 15 18 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of carotenogenic genes promoters and WRKY transcription factors in response to salt stress in Dunaliella bardawil

Liang

Jiang

2017

Sci Rep

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The unicellular alga Dunaliella bardawil is a highly salt-tolerant organism, capable of accumulating glycerol, glycine betaine and β-carotene under salt stress, and has been considered as an excellent model organism to investigate the molecular mechanisms of salt stress responses. In this study, several carotenogenic genes (DbCRTISO, DbZISO, DbLycE and DbChyB), DbBADH genes involved in glycine betaine synthesis and genes encoding probable WRKY transcription factors from D. bardawil were isolated, and promoters of DbCRTISO and DbChyB were cloned. The promoters of DbPSY, DbLycB, DbGGPS, DbCRTISO and DbChyB contained the salt-regulated element (SRE), GT1GMSCAM4, while the DbGGPS promoter has another SRE, DRECRTCOREAT. All promoters of the carotenogenic genes had light-regulated elements and W-box cis-acting elements. Most WRKY transcription factors can bind to the W-box, and play roles in abiotic stress. qRT-PCR analysis showed that salt stress up-regulated both carotenogenic genes and WRKY transcription factors. In contrast, the transcription levels of DbBADH showed minor changes. In D. bardawil, it appears that carotenoid over-accumulation allows for the long-term adaptation to salt stress, while the rapid modulation of glycine betaine biosynthesis provides an initial response.

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Structural and phylogenetic analysis of a novel ζ‐carotene desaturase from Dunaliella bardawil, a unicellular alga that accumulates large amounts of β‐carotene

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Characterization and Functional Identification of a Gene Encoding Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase from Dunaliella bardawil

Characterization and Functional Identification of a Gene Encoding Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase from Dunaliella bardawil

Hypoosmotic Expression of Dunaliella bardawil ζ-Carotene Desaturase Is Attributed to a Hypoosmolarity-Responsive Element Different from Other Key Carotenogenic Genes

Analysis of carotenogenic genes promoters and WRKY transcription factors in response to salt stress in Dunaliella bardawil

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