“…Different carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, alginate, and starch) have thus been employed as capping agents to facilitate the adhesion of ZnO nanoparticles onto the surface of cellulose fibers . Chemical methods, such as precipitation and sol–gel approaches, have shown some distinct advantages over physical methods, including the morphology control of ZnO and inexpensive equipment. ,,− The synthesis is generally performed in an alcohol or alkaline solution, and zinc salts such as ZnCl 2 , Zn(NO 3 ) 2 , ,,, and Zn(Ac) 2 ,,− are used as starting materials. Cellulose in the form of fibers, paper, bacterial cellulose, and cotton fabrics are immersed into the precursor solution, and nano- and microstructures grow directly on the matrix.…”