Structural and Functional Properties of Soy Protein Isolates Modified by Soy Soluble Polysaccharides

Abstract

Aiming to achieve the modification to soy protein isolate (SPI) by soy soluble polysaccharides (SSPS), electrically driven complex systems were first established in the environment of pH 3.0, and then reconstituted SPI particles with different SPI-SSPS ratios were obtained under freeze-drying process. Through this treatment, the structures of SPI particles were partly unfolded and adsorbed SSPS mainly via hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding with larger particle sizes. The adherence of SSPS decreased the surface hydrophobicity of reconstituted SPI particles, but exerted not much influence on the emulsifying and foaming activities and increased the corresponding stabilities due to enhancing the unfolded extent of structure and improving the conformation flexibility. Reconstituted SPI-SSPS particles might rearrange and link each other due to the presence of SSPS on the air-water interface to better stabilize these systems. At SPI-SSPS ratio of 10:1, lower temperature was required to form gels with lower gel intensity and porous structure. The findings provide a further comprehension to the relationship between structures and functional properties of SPI modified by SSPS and the feasibility of applying these reconstituted particles to needed areas.

Effects of high‐speed shear homogenization on the emulsifying and structural properties of myofibrillar protein under low‐fat conditions

“…The exposed hydrophobic groups and changed protein conformations increased the surface activity and protein adsorption capacity at the oil-water interface (Table 3). 25,26 Notably, the EAI and ESI of MP at higher speed (20 500 and 30 000 rpm) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than at 14 500 rpm. This change might be due to the higher HSH speed (20 500 rpm and 30 000 rpm) causing excessive denaturation and aggregation of MP molecules.…”

“…The higher values of the EAI and ESI of MP might be attributed to proper HSH speed treatment, which dissociated and exposed protein molecules. The exposed hydrophobic groups and changed protein conformations increased the surface activity and protein adsorption capacity at the oil–water interface (Table ) . Notably, the EAI and ESI of MP at higher speed (20 500 and 30 000 rpm) were significantly ( P < 0.05) lower than at 14 500 rpm.…”

“…The foam content of the samples increased as the HSH speed increased, which was different from the trend in EAI and ESI. Unlike the high‐fat condition, the emulsifying properties of MP will reach a critical value with the increase in fat, and the emulsifying properties of MP under low fat conditions were significantly affected by the hydrophilic–lipophilic balance and conformational flexibility …”

“…Unlike the high-fat condition, the emulsifying properties of MP will reach a critical value with the increase in fat, 23 and the emulsifying properties of MP under low fat conditions were significantly affected by the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and conformational flexibility. 24,25 The higher values of the EAI and ESI of MP might be attributed to proper HSH speed treatment, which dissociated and exposed protein molecules. The exposed hydrophobic groups and changed protein conformations increased the surface activity and protein adsorption capacity at the oil-water interface (Table 3).…”

Characterization of PVC‐soy protein nonwoven mats prepared by electrospinning

“…In general, functionalities that form a tight hydration layer improve fouling resistance, and this has been demonstrated with zwitterionic groups, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and dopamine or catechol‐type structures . Given that the isoelectric point of soy protein is between pH = 4–5, the protein balances cationic and anionic groups under typical water treatment conditions, as well as hydrophilic but also hydrophobic components that can potentially improve the membrane characteristics . This analysis recommends on potential reductions in the cost of pretreatment by utilizing low‐cost alternative materials sources and inexpensive and facile membrane processing strategies to produce pretreatment membranes with tailorable characteristics.…”