Structural adjustment and peasant agriculture in Bolivia

Agricultural Intensification, Monocultures, and Economic Failure: The Case of Onion Production in the Tipajara Watershed on the Eastern Slope of the Bolivian Andes

“…During this period of rapid intensification, relative economic stability as a result of economic reform (De la Barra et al, 1995;Sachs & Morales, 1988) did not necessarily lead to economic prosperity or the development of specialty crops for export (Conklin, 1987;Morales, 1991). Onions and other vegetable crops were and continue to be produced and shipped unprocessed primarily for consumption in local and national markets.…”

A Critical History of Poverty Finance

“…Second, structural adjustment had devastating impacts on agriculture and mining, undercutting agricultural prices at the same time as increasing transportation costs. Farm gate prices dropped substantially, and the price of crops dropped radically relative to the price of fuel for farmers more distant from key markets (Morales 1991). Coupled with the large-scale retrenchment of tin mining following the dismantling of the nationalised mining company, this prompted a considerable movement of people into major cities, particularly into informal settlements around the capital city, La Paz.…”

Policy Regimes and Performance of the Agricultural Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean During the Last Three Decades

“…This coincides with a low commercial reform index. Exceptions to this rule may be Mexico (an early reformer in this field), and partly Bolivia (where reforms take place in the second part of the 1970s only; see Morales 1991) and Argentina (reforming in late 1970s). Chile, which was a 'consistent opener', starts from a very low 9…”