Stroke‐specific executive function assessment: A literature review of performance‐based tools

Abstract

The assessments that demonstrated the strongest evidence of reliability and validity were the Executive Function Performance Test, the Multiple Errands Test and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. Only the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills has been adequately evaluated for its ability to detect change. In terms of clinical utility, the Kettle Test has the shortest administration time (i.e. less than 20 minutes) and requires limited equipment. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: The Stroke-Specific Executive Function Toolkit provides clinicians with useful information that should facilitate identification of appropriate executive function tools for use across the continuum of stroke care.

Cooking breakfast after a brain injury

“…In future, it would be interesting to know the extent to which traditional executive measures predict Breakfast Task performance. We would note, however, that the Breakfast Task comes from a modern impetus to create relatively realistic, complex tasks that rely on multiple executive functions (e.g., Shallice and Burgess, 1991; Knight et al, 2002; Manly et al, 2002; Lamberts et al, 2010; for a review see Poulin et al, 2013). Such an approach is a double-edged sword: Although it provides participants with an engaging experience with a relatively representative scenario (Burgess et al, 2006), it is not designed to precisely differentiate among the executive processes that might contribute to performance.…”

“…It entails the use of more complex tasks that incorporate multiple executive functions to carry out a scenario from the real world, such as running errands (Shallice and Burgess, 1991; Knight et al, 2002) or managing the front desk of a hotel (Manly et al, 2002; see also Lamberts et al, 2010; for a review see Poulin et al, 2013). The goal of using these more representative (i.e., corresponding more closely in form and context to situations outside the clinic/lab) scenarios is to yield results that are more generalizable (i.e., enabling better prediction of performance outside the clinic/lab; Burgess et al, 2006) than classical measures of executive function such as the WCST (Chaytor and Schmitter-Edgecombe, 2003).…”

Association between dual-task performance and balance during gait in community-dwelling elderly people after stroke

“…This capacity is reduced due to age and the presence of neurological diseases that negatively impact on the allocation of attentional resources to perform tasks [15][16][17]. Studies have shown that the more complex the associated task, the greater the interference with the performance of the primary task [18], for example, talking while walking reduces gait speed [19].…”

A comparative clinical study of the effectiveness of computer cognitive training in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairments without dementia

“…Also, Xu, Ren, Prakash, Vijayadas, & Kumar (2013) suggest that there is sufficient evidence to support the conclusion that cognitive therapies are effective treatments for attention-related and visual perceptual problems in post-stroke patients. There is little evidence to suggest that executive function interventions have the potential to improve aspects of executive functioning in adults with stroke (Poulin, Korner-Bitensky, & Dawson, 2013). Evaluating the efficacy of different cognitive rehabilitation methods and approaches is very difficult due to differences in patients' ages, brain injuries, and cognitive dysfunctions, as well as the difficulties of conducting randomized clinical trials in this field (Hénon et al, 2001).…”