Stretchable and fatigue-resistant materials

Xiang, Chunping; Wang, Zhengjin; Yang, Canhui; Yao, Xi; Wang, Yecheng; Suo, Zhigang

doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2019.08.009

Cited by 170 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…network may carry, rather homogeneously, most of the stress during loading, as suggested by other oriented hard components in composite materials (17,20,21), preventing the stress concentration necessary for crack growth as schemed in Fig. 4B.…”

Section: Respectively With the Global Elongation Ratio λmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been revealed that the threshold G 0 is only determined by the primary network structure of the materials, which depends on chemical cross-linking density (13)(14)(15)(16). The antifatigue properties of soft materials are found to be effectively improved by introducing additional structures to the primary network structure, such as crystals (17)(18)(19), composites (20)(21)(22), ordered folded units (23,24), and so on. These results suggest that hierarchical structures may contribute to reduce the strain/stress concentration at the crack tip and hence be beneficial for fatigue resistance in these kinds of soft materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesoscale bicontinuous networks in self-healing hydrogels delay fatigue fracture

Cui

Sun

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

101

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Load-bearing biological tissues, such as muscles, are highly fatigue-resistant, but how the exquisite hierarchical structures of biological tissues contribute to their excellent fatigue resistance is not well understood. In this work, we study antifatigue properties of soft materials with hierarchical structures using polyampholyte hydrogels (PA gels) as a simple model system. PA gels are tough and self-healing, consisting of reversible ionic bonds at the 1-nm scale, a cross-linked polymer network at the 10-nm scale, and bicontinuous hard/soft phase networks at the 100-nm scale. We find that the polymer network at the 10-nm scale determines the threshold of energy release rateG0above which the crack grows, while the bicontinuous phase networks at the 100-nm scale significantly decelerate the crack advance until a transitionGtranfar aboveG0. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering analysis reveals that the hard phase network suppresses the crack advance to show decelerated fatigue fracture, andGtrancorresponds to the rupture of the hard phase network.

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Section: Respectively With the Global Elongation Ratio λmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale bicontinuous networks in self-healing hydrogels delay fatigue fracture

Cui

Sun

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

101

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“…And, the result shows it can be stretched for more than 3000 times with stability. Furthermore, if the PDMS material is mixed with PAAm (Polyacrylamide), the material survives over 30,000 cycles of load [26].…”

Section: Tactile Sensing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nanograting-based flexible and stretchable waveguide for tactile sensing

2021

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Based on the related characteristics of optical waveguide and flexible optical materials, a flexible and stretchable optical waveguide structure oriented to tactile perception is proposed. The sensing principle of optical waveguide is based on mechanical deformation caused by output light loss. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional optical waveguide devices, which are unable to conform to irregular surface. The flexible and stretchable optical waveguide is fabricated with nanoreplica molding method, and it has been applied to the measurement of pressure and strain in the field of tactile sensing. The flexible and stretchable optical waveguide had a strain detection range of 0 to 12.5%, and the external force detection range is from 0 to 23 × 10–3 N.

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“…In addition to tear resistance, the fatigue resistance of the composite film is also important for its potential application as a supporting substrate in the flexible electronic devices, where successive and repetitive deformations are usually involved during application. [56][57][58] In this study, the prenotched pure resin and the composite films were stretched under cyclic loading-unloading tests until the loading force became zero. We evaluated their fatigue resistance by calculating the remaining strength and observing their crack propagation processes ( Figure 5 and Movies S4 and S5, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma202002695mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transparent, Skin‐Inspired Composite Film with Outstanding Tear Resistance Based on Flat Silk Cocoon

Gao

et al. 2020

Advanced Materials

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Flexible and transparent substrates play a fundamental role as a mechanical support in advanced electronic devices. However, commonly used polymer films, such as polydimethylsiloxane, show low tear resistance because of their crack sensitivity. Herein, inspired by the excellent mechanical robustness of the skin and its fibrous structure, an epoxy‐resin‐based composite with a flat silk cocoon as a reinforcing fiber network is fabricated. With only 1 wt% of silk fiber, the tensile strength and modulus of the as‐prepared composite film are considerably increased by 300% and 612% compared to those of pure resin, while still maintaining flexibility and transparency. More importantly, the composite shows remarkable tear resistance: without fracture after ≈30 000 tensile cycles. The potential application of such transparent composite films as mechanically robust substrates for flexible electronics is also demonstrated. In addition, this study represents a bioinspired strategy to construct high‐performance functional composite materials.

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Stretchable and fatigue-resistant materials

Cited by 170 publications

References 45 publications

Mesoscale bicontinuous networks in self-healing hydrogels delay fatigue fracture

Mesoscale bicontinuous networks in self-healing hydrogels delay fatigue fracture

A nanograting-based flexible and stretchable waveguide for tactile sensing

A Transparent, Skin‐Inspired Composite Film with Outstanding Tear Resistance Based on Flat Silk Cocoon

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