“…Among the most urgent problems is the reliable analysis of the stress-strain state and the choice of the reinforcement system for a specific case (Adamczak-Bugno et al, 2022;Kos et al, 2022;Koteš et al, 2022). There is a number of factors that cause the need for strengthening and retrofitting, including changes in design parameters and requirements, environmental impacts, natural and anthropological disasters, ageing, physical wear, corrosion of concrete and reinforcement, etc (Kos et al, 2020;Kramarchuk et al, 2023;Zeng et al, 2022;Blikharskyy et al, 2021 (a,b), Kopiika et al, 2021).…”