Stress oxydant et fertilité : fausses évidences et mauvaises recettes

Impact of alcohol and cigarette smoking consumption in male fertility potential: Looks at lipid peroxidation, enzymatic antioxidant activities and sperm DNA damage

“…This issue might be responsible of stimulated of endogenous anti‐ROS defence such as glutathione system as demonstrated by Ménézo et al. (). Although glutathione regeneration is result of glutathione oxidation and SOD activity, it led to GSH formation with lock of disulphide bonds provoking sperm immaturity with chromatin decondensation (Ménézo et al., ).…”

“…To our knowledge, this finding is firstly reported in literature. Contrarily, several studies demonstrated detrimental effect of smoking and alcoholism on sperm quality (Belcheva, Ivanova‐Kicheva, Tzvetkova, & Marinov, ; Gaur, Talekar, & Pathak, ; Martini et al., ) increasing the oxidation (Ox) underlying to OS and decreasing the antioxidant (AO) activity repressing EAO functions (Agarwal et al., ; Dandekar, Nadkarni, Kulkarni, & Punekar, ; Elshal, El‐Sayed, Elsaied, El‐Masry, & Kumosani, ; Ménézo et al., ; Saleh, Agarwal, Sharma, Nelson, & Thomas, ; Yousefniapasha et al., ). Their findings were therefore explained by evidence that cigarettes compounds are generally a source of ROS such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals (Church & Pryor, ) and ethanol for alcohol.…”

“…Indeed, the balanced Ox/AO system is decisive to maintain the physiological state in male reproductive system without disrupting spermatogenesis process where there is ROS production (Agarwal et al., ; Ko, Sabanegh, & Agarwal, ). Therefore, seminal fluid is containing a well‐developed AO system with defensive scavenger status to avoid the AO excess (Agarwal, Saleh, & Bedaiwy, ; Agarwal et al., ; Ménézo et al., ). Furthermore, the AO enzymes are involved in the AO system to neutralise ROS such as CAT, SOD and GR.…”

“…GR enzyme is called in need especially in Sertoli cells when there is oxidative process in sperm plasma membrane to reduce glutathione from GSSG to GSH. When there is sperm mitochondrial oxidation, SOD could be involved for glutathione oxidation from GSH to GSSG producing more H 2 O 2 probably consumed by CAT (Ménézo et al., ). This issue could explain our finding suggesting that long‐term consumption of tobacco or of tobacco with alcohol was attacking specifically male reproductive germ lines in Sertoli cells and in the testicular epithelium (Aghamohammadi & Zafari, ).…”

“…There are many lifestyle factors which can negatively affect the male fertility including diet, obesity, psychological stress and other consumptions such as caffeine, drugs, cigarette and alcohol (Agarwal, Gupta, & Sharma, ; Anifandis et al., ; Ménézo et al., ). Indeed, several studies proved this adverse effect on sperm DNA integrity (Fejes et al., ; Jensen, Swan, Skakkebæk, Rasmussen, & Jørgensen, ; Jurewicz et al., ; Li et al., ; Magnusdottir, Thorsteinsson, Thorsteinsdottir, Heimisdottir, & Olafsdottir, ; Ramlau‐Hansen et al., ).…”