Stress Monitoring and Recent Advancements in Wearable Biosensors

Samson, Cheyenne; Koh, Ahyeon

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.01037

Cited by 81 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…We can also implement ML to the system to make data processing faster and more accurate [129][130][131]. We can also implement blockchain to bring a layer of security needed in the system to perform to its capabilities [132,133].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on IoT-Assisted Wearable Sensor Systems for Healthcare Monitoring

et al. 2021

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IoT has played an essential role in many industries over the last few decades. Recent advancements in the healthcare industry have made it possible to make healthcare accessible to more people and improve their overall health. The next step in healthcare is to integrate it with IoT-assisted wearable sensor systems seamlessly. This review rigorously discusses the various IoT architectures, different methods of data processing, transfer, and computing paradigms. It compiles various communication technologies and the devices commonly used in IoT-assisted wearable sensor systems and deals with its various applications in healthcare and their advantages to the world. A comparative analysis of all the wearable technology in healthcare is also discussed with tabulation of various research and technology. This review also analyses all the problems commonly faced in IoT-assisted wearable sensor systems and the specific issues that need to be tackled to optimize these systems in healthcare and describes the various future implementations that can be made to the architecture and the technology to improve the healthcare industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on IoT-Assisted Wearable Sensor Systems for Healthcare Monitoring

et al. 2021

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“…So the application of using saliva to monitor stress real-time and on-site is still in its early stage of practice. More recently, the wearable biosensor that can measure cortisol in sweat is being developed [ 57 , 58 ]. This could be very important in stress research to measure cortisol real-time and it can be applied to be used like a smart watch to monitor stress in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential responses of salivary cortisol, amylase, and chromogranin A to academic stress

2021

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Salivary biomarkers have been widely used to help diagnose stress, anxiety, and/or depression. This study aimed to compare the responses of three commonly investigated salivary stress biomarkers that represent the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity (cortisol; sCort) and the sympathetic activity (alpha-amylase; sAA and chromogranin A; sCgA), using academic oral presentation as a model of stress. Twenty postgraduate dental students attended the seminar class as presenter and audience. The presenters’ performances were evaluated by the instructors suggesting more stress than the audience. The saliva was collected two times: before attending class and after an academic presentation (for presenters) or during the class (for audience). The pulse rates (PR) were also recorded. The results showed that the levels of all three biomarkers, as well as PR, were significantly higher in the presenter group compared with the audience group; however, the changes were most prominent with sCort and sAA (99.56 ± 12.76% for sCort, 93.48 ± 41.29% for sAA, 16.86 ± 6.42% for sCgA, and 15.06 ± 3.41% for PR). When compared between pre-post presentation, the levels of sCgA were not different, while those of sCort and sAA were significantly increased. These results suggest more sensitive reactivity to academic stress of sCort and sAA compared with sCgA and that the response of sCgA did not necessarily follow sAA pattern even though both are claimed to reflect the sympathetic activity. More studies are needed to elucidate the roles of sCgA in stress.

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“…Under optimized antibody concentration level, the patch offers a detection limit of 1.0 pg mL −1 with a detection range up to 1 µg mL −1 . The 3-D Au-nanostructure as a working electrode enables the higher sensitivity, even though the sensor has the limitation of Ag–Ab complex instability with no reproducibility [ 59 ]. To overcome the above instability concern, an artificial molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) synthesized from copolymerization reaction for cortisol screening was reported by Parlak et al [ 60 ].…”

Section: Wearable Devices and Their Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Biosensors: An Alternative and Practical Approach in Healthcare and Disease Monitoring

et al. 2021

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With the increasing prevalence of growing population, aging and chronic diseases continuously rising healthcare costs, the healthcare system is undergoing a vital transformation from the traditional hospital-centered system to an individual-centered system. Since the 20th century, wearable sensors are becoming widespread in healthcare and biomedical monitoring systems, empowering continuous measurement of critical biomarkers for monitoring of the diseased condition and health, medical diagnostics and evaluation in biological fluids like saliva, blood, and sweat. Over the past few decades, the developments have been focused on electrochemical and optical biosensors, along with advances with the non-invasive monitoring of biomarkers, bacteria and hormones, etc. Wearable devices have evolved gradually with a mix of multiplexed biosensing, microfluidic sampling and transport systems integrated with flexible materials and body attachments for improved wearability and simplicity. These wearables hold promise and are capable of a higher understanding of the correlations between analyte concentrations within the blood or non-invasive biofluids and feedback to the patient, which is significantly important in timely diagnosis, treatment, and control of medical conditions. However, cohort validation studies and performance evaluation of wearable biosensors are needed to underpin their clinical acceptance. In the present review, we discuss the importance, features, types of wearables, challenges and applications of wearable devices for biological fluids for the prevention of diseased conditions and real-time monitoring of human health. Herein, we summarize the various wearable devices that are developed for healthcare monitoring and their future potential has been discussed in detail.

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Stress Monitoring and Recent Advancements in Wearable Biosensors

Cited by 81 publications

References 78 publications

Recent Advances on IoT-Assisted Wearable Sensor Systems for Healthcare Monitoring

Recent Advances on IoT-Assisted Wearable Sensor Systems for Healthcare Monitoring

Differential responses of salivary cortisol, amylase, and chromogranin A to academic stress

Wearable Biosensors: An Alternative and Practical Approach in Healthcare and Disease Monitoring

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