Stress ethylene formation determines plant sensitivity to ozone

Mehlhorn, H.; Wellburn, A. R.

doi:10.1038/327417a0

Cited by 204 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Further experiments are required to determine which nutrient is more important in causing the interaction with ozone. Mehlhorn & Wellburn (1987) proposed that plant sensitivity to ozone could be largely determined by the production of stress ethylene. In addition,deficiency increased the sensitivity of Phaseolus vulgaris to ozone.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

1998

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Most natural and semi-natural communities are limited by major nutrients such as nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P), but most experiments on the effects of ozone on wild plants have used nutrient-rich composts or soil. In order to investigate interactions between ozone and low nutrient supply, two artificially selected lines (ozone-resistant and ozone-sensitive) of two populations Plantago major ssp. major L. were grown on a sandy loam, with (HN) and without (LN) addition of fertilizer. The soil was from a semi-natural grassland that has never been fertilized. Plants were exposed to either charcoal\Purafil2-filtered air (CF l 5 nl O $ l −" ) or 70 nl O $ 1 −" 7 h d −" from the seedling stage to seed production.Poor growth (c. 25 % of that in HN) of the low-nutrient plants, and leaf concentrations of N and P showed that the LN plants were severely nutrient-limited. In addition to affecting the total dry mass of the plants, the nutrient supply altered seed production, reproductive effort (number of seeds per total mass) and root-to-shoot allocation. Exposure to ozone had significant effects on physiology, growth, and seed production that varied with population, selection line, time, and plant development. There also were significant interactions between ozone effects and nutrient regime. In the Lullington Heath population, ozone reduced plant dry weight at 4 wk only in the LN treatment, and in the sensitive line of the Bush population, seed production was reduced by ozone only in LN. Therefore, contrary to what was expected, in the present experiment, plants given the LN treatment were often more sensitive to ozone than those grown under the high-nutrient regime. This increase in sensitivity was despite the fact that the LN treatment reduced stomatal conductance and ozone flux. It is concluded that there are potentially important interactions between ozone and low nutrient supply that need further investigation, particularly under field conditions.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethylene was measured with a gas chromatograph according to the technique of Mehlhorn & Wellburn (1987). Three leaf discs (9 mm in diameter) were taken from plants 3 h after the start of the fumigation period and placed in 4-ml glass vials with 0n05 ml of water to prevent desiccation.…”

Section: Leaf Stress Ethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

1998

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“…Black, unpublished) following ozone treatment. Although the mechanisms responsible have still to be identified, ABA and ethylene are both known to have a regulatory role in seed maturation and germination (Johnson-Flanagan & Spencer, 1994 ;Petruzzelli et al, 1994 ;Ward et al, 1995 ;Parcy et al, 1997) ; exposure to ozone has also been shown to promote ethylene production (Mehlhorn & Wellburn, 1987), suggesting a possible causal link.…”

Section: Effects Of Ozone On Seed and Fruit Quality Germination And mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears likely that exposure to ozone alters the synthesis or distribution of growth regulators required for successful seed development and maturation. For example, ozone is known to influence ethylene production (Mehlhorn & Wellburn, 1987 ;Mehlhorn et al, 1991), while ozone-induced changes in resource partitioning may affect the transport of growth regulators within plants (Halevy, 1987). Although growth regulators such as abscisic acid (ABA) are known to influence ovule or seed development directly (Parcy et al, 1997 ;Holdsworth et al, 1999), they might also modify the partitioning of available assimilates by influencing sink activity (Gifford & Evans, 1981 ;Halevy, 1987).…”

Section: Effects On Seed and Fruit Yield And Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tansley Review No. 115

et al. 2000

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Sexual reproductive development is a crucial stage in the life cycle of higher plants as any impairment of the processes involved might have significant implications for the productivity of crop plants and the survival of native species. There is considerable evidence that exposure to ozone, even at current ambient levels in many industrialized countries, reduces grain and fruit yields and adversely affects yield quality. It is also well established that sensitivity to ozone may differ not only between species, but also between cultivars and populations of individual species, and that the impact of exposure is highly dependent on ozone concentration and the duration and timing of exposure. However, few studies have attempted to distinguish between the direct effects of air pollutants on reproductive development, and indirect effects mediated by injury to the vegetative organs and associated changes in the supply of assimilates and other essential resources to support reproductive growth, or the levels of endogenous growth regulators. This review considers the impact of ozone on the reproductive biology of agricultural and native species, and examines its direct effects on specific reproductive processes. The extent to which compensatory responses redress the adverse effects of exposure is also explored, with particular reference to recent studies of Brassica napus (oilseed rape), Brassica campestris (Wisconsin Fast Plants), Plantago major (greater plantain) and Triticum aestivum (wheat).

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“…A tight correlation between the rate of O 3 -induced ethylene production and the extent of leaf damage has been reported (Tingey et al 1976). It also has been shown that an inhibitor of hormonal action of ethylene reduced O 3 -induced leaf damage (Bae et al 1996;Mehlhorn and Wellburn 1987). An O 3 -sensitive cultivar of tobacco showed higher O 3 -induced ethylene production than that from a tolerant cultivar (Langebartels et al 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in the ozone tolerance of poplar plants with an antisense DNA for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase

Mohri

Kogawara

Igasaki

et al. 2011

Plant Biotechnology

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Genetically transformed lombardy poplar (Populus nigra L. var. italica Koehne) were regenerated after the cocultivation of stem segments with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404, which harbored a binary vector that included an antisense DNA for ozone-inducible 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase from poplar leaves. Lower rates of ozone-induced ethylene production were observed in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants. Ozoneinduced visible damage was attenuated in these lines, and the extent of damage was positively related to the level of ozoneinduced ethylene production. In one of these ozone-tolerant lines, the levels of transcripts for ozone-inducible endogenous ACC synthases were suppressed compared with those in wild-type plants, demonstrating that ozone-inducible ACC synthases have a key role in the expression of leaf damage by ozone exposure. Thus, transgenic trees with air pollution tolerance were developed for the first time among woody plants.

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Stress ethylene formation determines plant sensitivity to ozone

Cited by 204 publications

References 9 publications

The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

Tansley Review No. 115

Improvement in the ozone tolerance of poplar plants with an antisense DNA for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase

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